高中生考试焦虑与应对方式的关系

目的 探讨高中生考试焦虑与应对方式的关系。方法应用考试焦虑量表（TAS）、应付方式问卷和特质应对方式问卷对山东省某中学高一年级538名学生进行调查。结果高中生考试焦虑的检出率为65．20％。有考试焦虑者应付方式问卷的自责、幻想、退避、合理化因子分及特质应对方式问卷的消极应对因子分显著高于无考试焦虑者（P〈0．05或P〈0．001），而无考试焦虑者特质应对方式问卷的积极应对因子分显著高于有考试焦虑者（P〈0．05）。同时TAS总分与应付方式问卷的自责、幻想、合理化因子分和特质应对方式问卷的消极应对因子分呈显著正相关（P〈0．05或P〈0．001），而与特质应对方式问卷的积极应对因子分呈显著负相关（P〈0．001）。结论高中生考试焦虑与应对方式密切相关。在面对考试等应激事件时有考试焦虑者多采用自责、幻想、退避等不成熟的应付方式，且不成熟的应付方式在高中男生中表现更为突出；同时有考试焦虑者多采用消极应对方式，而无考试焦虑者多采用积极应对方式。

Relationship between test anxiety and coping style in senior high school students

Objective To explore the relationship between test anxiety and coping style in senior high school students.Methods 538 senior high school students of grade one were investigated by Test Anxiety Scale (TAS),Coping Methods Inventory (CMI) and Trait Coping strategy Qusetionnaire (TCSQ) in a senior high school in Shandong province.Results The prevalence of test anxiety among all the surveyed students was 65.20%.The self-blaming,fantasy,withdrawing or rationalization factor score of CMI and the passive coping strategy score of TCSQ in students with test anxiety were higher or significantly higher than those of students without test anxiety (P<0.05 or P<0.001),while the consequence of the active coping strategy score of TCSQ was on the contrary (P<0.05).The total score of TAS was positively related or obviously positively related to the self-blaming,fantasy or rationalization factor score of CMI and the passive coping strategy score of TCSQ (P<0.05 or P<0.001),while the relation was negative between the total score of TAS and the active coping strategy score of TCSQ (P<0.001).Conclusion Test anxiety was related to coping style in senior high school students.When students with test anxiety was dealing with stress events such as exams,they used to adopt immature coping methods such as self-blaming,fantasy or withdrawing,which were more apparent in boys than those in girls.As the above,students with test anxiety prefered to use active coping strategy,while students without test anxiety would like to use passive coping strategy.