学龄前儿童视力筛查

应用字母匹配方法对3岁和4岁儿童作流行学调查。样本来自一个街道的集体儿童,3组477名,其中男235名,女242名,占该街道同年龄集体儿童的82.5％;4岁组626名,其中男316名,女310名,占该街道同年龄集体儿童的98.4％,视力筛查异常的流行率3岁为11.1％;4岁为13.4％。对视力筛查异常的儿童又作了客观屈光检影,根据其结果,将视力异常的流行率进一步调整为3岁10.3％;4岁12.5％。又对屈光异常进行分类,发现3和4岁儿童大多数为远视和散光,其中绝大多数需配戴眼镜矫正视力。因此建议儿童保健中应全面开3～4岁儿童的视力筛查,做好学龄前儿童的视力保护。

PRESCHOOL VISION SCREENING

An epidcmilogic invertigation was made in 3 and 4 years old children applying Letter-Matching test. The sample was collected from collective children of one district. The number of 3-year group was 477, male 235, female 242, occupied 82.5% of the total number of collective childen of the Same age in the district.The number of 4-year group was 626. male 316. female 310. occupied 98.4% of the total number of collective children of the same age in the district. The prevalence rate of abnormal results of the vision screening test was 11.1% in 3-ycar group and 13.4% in 4-year group. The examination of the optical errors was taken for the children of the abnormal results of vision screening test. According to the ophthalmologist's examination. we adjusted further the prevalence rate of abnormal vision to 10.3% in 3-year group and 12.5% in 4-year group. A classification for refractive errors showed that most 3 and 4 years old children were hyperopia and / or astigmatism and needed to wear glasses for vision correction. Thus it is necessary for child health care to develop vision screening in 3-and 4-year children in order for the protection of preschooler vision.