发酵昆布对钉螺的诱杀效果

目的观察钉螺食物引诱物对钉螺的诱杀效果。方法以0.1g发酵昆布(俗称海带,Laminaria japonica Aresch)为钉螺食物引诱物,于12、24、36和48h,比较15、25和35℃条件的诱螺效果。并将发酵昆布与灭螺植物天南星(Arisaema heterophyllum Blume)粉碎物配成颗粒灭螺剂进行灭螺实验,比较25℃,30%和60%土壤湿度下,颗粒灭螺剂的灭螺率。结果在12、24、36和48h不同时间点发酵昆布的诱螺率以25℃最高,35℃最低。25℃48h海带引诱物诱螺率(80.3%)显著高于对照组(17.0%)(P0.01)。颗粒灭螺剂灭螺率(85.3%)显著高于对照组(不含发酵昆布的颗粒剂,26.8%)(P0.05)。25℃条件下土壤湿度为60%时,颗粒灭螺剂的灭螺率显著高于土壤湿度为30%的(P0.01)。结论发酵昆布食物引诱物对钉螺具有较强的诱杀效果。

Luring Effect of the Fermented Laminaria japonica to Oncomelania hupensis

Objective To study the attraction effect of the food attractants on Oncomelania hupensis. Methods Oncomelania snail food was prepared with the fermented kelp （Laminaria japonica） mixed with corn starch. Snails were fed with the food and kept for 12, 24, 36, and 48 h at 15, 25, 35 ℃ respectively. Meanwhile, snail-killing effect was tested by granules containing jack-in-the-pulpit （Arisaema heterophyllum） with or without the fermented kelp under the condition of 25 ℃， 30% or 60% soil humidity. Results The snail-attracting rate of the fermented kelp was affected by the temperature, highest under 25 ℃ and lowest under 35 ℃ at any time point, with a rate of 80.3% in 48 h at 25 ℃ which was higher than that of the control （17.0%） （P<0.01）. The snail mortality rate in the group using jack-in-the-pulpit with femented kelp （85.3%） was higher than that of the group without fermented kelp （26.8%） （P<0.05）. The mortality under 60% of soil humidity was higher than that under 30% humidity （P<0.01）. Conclusion The fermented kelp shows a strong luring effect to the Oncomelania snails.