上前牙区单个种植牙牙龈生物学类型对龈乳头重建的影响

目的:观察上颌前牙区单个种植牙近远中龈乳头高度变化,并分析不同牙龈生物学类型对龈乳头重建的影响.方法:选择30例上前牙区单牙缺失患者,分别植入Straumann软组织水平种植体.所有患者在3个月后取模时,用直接测量方法测量种植体唇侧黏膜厚度,将其分为A组(黏膜厚度≥1.5 mm,16例)、B组(黏膜厚度＜1.5 mm,14例)2组.在修复体戴入时(基线期)和6个月后(随访期)观察近、远中龈乳头充盈度,并测量龈乳头高度及龈乳头-冠接触点的距离.采用SPSS19.0软件包分析6个月后近、远中龈乳头高度的变化,比较龈乳头高度在A、B2组间的差异.结果:所有种植体的留存率为100％. 60个龈乳头的平均高度在基线期和随访期分别为(1.64-±0.97)mm和(3.10±1.39)mm,平均增加(1.46±0.75)mm,具有显著差异(P＜0.05).在A组,近、远中龈乳头-冠接触点的平均距离分别为(O.15±0.24)mm和(0.23±0.33)mm,充盈度则为(97±5)％和(94±8)％;而在B组,近、远中龈乳头-冠接触点的平均距离分别为(1.94±0.40)mm和(2.10±0.34)mm,充盈度则为(53±9)％和(43±14)％.A、B两组间有显著差异(P＜0.05).结论:上颌前牙区单个种植牙修复后6个月,两侧的龈乳头高度可随着时间产生不同程度的增加,而龈乳头的增加则受不同的牙龈生物学类型的影响.其中,厚龈生物型比薄龈生物型在龈乳头重建方面有着更好的再生潜力.

Papilla alteration in different gingival biotypes at single implant-supported restoration in anterior maxilla

PURPOSE: To observe the alteration of the interproximal papilla height after single implant restoration in the anterior maxilla and to assess the influence of gingival biotypes on papilla regeneration.METHODS: Thirty patients with single-tooth implant-supported restorations in the anterior maxilla were assigned to two groups according to labial mucosa thickness.Group A: labial mucosal thickness≥1.5 mm and group B: labial mucosal thickness<1.5 mm.The presence of interproximal papilla as well as the distance between papilla apex and contact point were assessed at crown attachment(baseline) and after 6 months(follow-up).Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS19.0 software package.RESULTS: The 6-month survival rate of implants was 100%.The mean height of interproximal papilla at baseline and follow-up was(1.64 ±0.97) mm and(3.10 ±1.39) mm,respectively.A significant improvement in papilla height was found between baseline and follow-up(P<0.05).In group A,the mean distance from papilla apex to the contact point at mesial and distal aspects was(0.15±0.24) mm and(0.23±0.33) mm,respectively,and the presence of interproximal papilla were(97±5)% and(94 ±8)%,respectively.In group B,the mean distance from papilla apex to the contact point at mesial and distal aspects was(1.94±0.40) mm and(2.10±0.34) mm,respectively,and the presence of interproximal papilla was(53±9)% and(43±14)% respectively.Statistically significant difference was found between the two groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: The interproximal papilla height around single implant restorations could improve significantly after 6-month follow-up. The interproximal papilla height around single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla was influenced by gingival biotype. The regenerative potential of thick-gingival biotype was better than that of thin-gingival biotype.