盐酸多奈哌齐治疗老年血管性痴呆的近期临床疗效

目的探讨盐酸多奈哌齐对老年轻、中度血管性痴呆(vasculardementia,VD)患者认知功能、生活能力和个性的改善作用。方法将符合诊断标准的83例轻、中度VD患者,按随机数字表法分为小剂量组(42例)和大剂量组(41例),分别给予多奈派齐5mg,口服,1次/d;10mg,口服,1次/d,治疗90d。在治疗前和治疗90d后,使用简易精神状态检查表(MMSE)和Blessed行为量表对2组进行疗效评价,比较治疗前后MMSE、Blessed行为量表变化,并比较2组不同剂量对MMSE和Blessed行为影响。结果治疗前后比较2组各指标除日常习惯外,生活能力、个性及MMSE评分均有改善,差异有非常显著性和显著性(P<0.01或0.05),治疗90d后非认知方面评分①小剂量组:生活能力(2.02±0.49)分、日常习惯(12.32±1.99)分及个性改变(4.39±1.12)分与②大剂量组:生活能力(1.81±0.51)分、日常习惯(11.31±2.46)分及个性改变(3.56±1.09)分,2组比较差异有显著性(t=2.29,2.21,2.03,P<0.05);Blessed行为2组比较差异有显著性意义小剂量组为(18.43±2.43)分],大剂量组为(20.37±3.02)分,t=2.53,P<0.05];MMSE评分经检验差异也有非常显著性小剂量组为(19.70±1.88)分,大剂量组为(21.57±2.50分,t=3.31,P<0.01];大剂量组同组治疗前后生活能力、日常习惯及个性改变、Blessed行为、MMSE评分均有显著意义(t:5.17,2.03,4.62,5.83,22.02,均P<0.05);小剂量组同组治疗前后则Blessed行为、MMSE评分差异均有显著性(t=3.51,14.69,均P<0.01)。结论盐酸多奈派齐对轻中度血管性痴呆的认知生活能力、日常习惯及个性改变、Blessed行为有明显改善作用,且大剂量组疗效优于小剂量组。

Clinical observation of donepezil hydrochloride in treatment of vascular dementia

Objective To observe the effect of donepezil in improving the cognitive function,viability and personality of patients with mild or moderate vascular dementia(VD).Methods 83 patients with vascular dementia were randomly divided into therapy group (donepezil 5 mg/d for 4 weeks, and then increased to 10 mg/d) and control group (piracetan 800 mg,3/d). All patients were assessed with MiniMental State Examination (MMSE), Wechsler Adult IntelligenceRevised in China (WAISRC), Activities of daily living (ADL), and Clinical Global Impression (CGI), before and 12 weeks after treatment. Results MMSE scores improved significantly in both groups after the treatment. The therapy group produced significantly better scores than the control groups on the MMSE(P<0.05). WAISRC scores improved significantly in the therapy groups(P<0.01), but there was no significant difference for control groups(P>0.05), before and after treatment. Severity Improvement(SI) score of ADL and CGI in the both groups decreased. The total efficiencies of donepezil and piracetan groups were 86% and 56% respectively. There was no significant difference in adverse effects between two groups.Conclusion Donepezil can improve the cognitive function of patients with vascular dementia, which seems better than that of piracetan, and it is fairly safe for vascular dementia patients to take donepezil 10 mg a day.