门诊择期手术患者术前焦虑状况的评估与护理干预

目的评估门诊手术患者术前的焦虑程度,探讨心理护理干预的效果。方法将600例门诊手术患者按手术预约单排序的单双数分成干预组和对照组各300例,对照组给予常规护理,干预组实施针对性的心理护理干预。采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表分别评定两组患者预约手术时及术前20min的焦虑程度,并监测两组患者术中血压及心率情况。结果多数患者在预约手术时存在焦虑情绪,干预组和对照组分别为91.0%和91.7%,两组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;术前20min,干预组患者的焦虑程度比预约手术时及同期对照组有明显改善（P〈0.01）。干预组患者术中收缩压和心率均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论门诊手术患者术前有明显的焦虑情绪,术前针对性的心理护理干预不仅有助于减轻患者术前的焦虑程度,而且患者术中的生命体征也更加平稳,有利于手术的顺利进行及术后的康复。

Assessment of Preoperative Anxiety on Elective Outpatients and Relevant Nursing Intervention

Objective To assess the preoperative anxiety of the outpatients so as to explore the effect of psychological nursing.Methods A total of 600 operative outpatients were equally divided in the intervention group given psychological nursing and the control group given routine nursing based on odd and even numbers of surgery appointments.The levels of preoperative anxiety at 20 min before operation and appointment were evaluated with Hamilton anxiety rating scale（HAMA）.Meanwhile the blood pressure and heart rates among operation were observed with HAMA in both groups.Results The majority of patients were observed with anxiety when making an appointment of surgery.The anxieties of the intervention group and the control group were 91.0% and 91.7% respectively without significant difference（P0.05）.The anxiety degree was much lower in the intervention group at 20 min before operation than that of the control group at the appointment time（P0.01）.The intraoperative systolic blood pressure and heart rate of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group（P0.05）.Conclusion Preoperative anxiety was common for operative outpatients.Preoperative nursing intervention contributes to alleviate the anxiety of the operational patients,stabilize the intraoperative vital signs and favoring implementation of operation and postoperative rehabilitation.