肺结核患者痰标本中结核分枝杆菌检查结果分析

目的 评价肺结核患者痰标本中结核分枝杆菌的直接涂片显微镜检和培养检查的临床效果。方法采用直接厚涂片萋-尼法抗酸染色显微镜检和BACTEC-TB960快速培养系统对1340例肺结核患者痰标本进行检测。结果快速培养法检测的阳性率为36．6％，直接涂片镜检的阳性率为24．6％，两种检测法的阳性率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；两种方法联合检测的阳性率为41，0％，高于培养法阳性率（P〈0．05）。痰标本的留取时间对培养法检出率有很大影响，晨痰检出率高于即时痰（P〈0．01）。结论提高肺结核患者痰标本中结核分枝杆菌检出率的有效方法是采用直接涂片镜检与培养法联合进行检测，同时应重视痰标本留取时间对检出率的影响。

The analyses of detection for sputum specimens of mycobacterium tuberculosis of pulmonary tuberculosis patients

Objective To explore the clinical effect of mycobacterium tuberculosis determination by culture and microscopy assay from sputum specimens of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Methods The sputum specimens were dyed with the Ziehl-Neelsen anti-acid dyeing direct microscopy and examined by BACTEC-TB 960 culture system.Results The positive rate of culture and microscopy were 36.6% and 24.6%,the difference in the positive rate between the two methods was significant(P<0.01),the positive rate of detection for combining culture with microscopy was 41.0%,it was higher than that of culture(P<0.05).The time of collecting sputum had a great influence on the positive rate of the culture,the positive rate of the sputum in the morning was higher than that of the sputum at all times(P<0.01).Conclusion In order to improve the positive examiniatorial rate of mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum,it is one of important methods to detect by combining culture with microscopy,and to amphasize on the influence on the positive examiniatorial rate by the time of sputum collection.