风险分析在食品强化管理中的应用

目的为完善我国食品强化政策法规,修订食品营养强化剂标准提供参考和依据。方法研究风险分析在国际及国外一些国家食品强化管理中的应用状况,按照风险分析的3个组成部分分别阐述食品强化管理中风险评估、风险管理和风险交流的特征及关键因素。结果营养素风险评估需同时考虑改善营养不足及防止营养过量,应根据营养素安全范围间距划分风险等级,进行分类管理。制定食品强化法规标准时,不应局限于针对单一营养素的评价,还要评估食品强化对膳食及疾病模式的影响。结论鉴于我国居民营养状况、膳食结构十分复杂,建议根据国情按照风险分析方法调整和完善食品强化政策和标准,指导食品工业界的研发,提高消费者的营养认知水平。

Application of risk analysis in the food fortification management

Objective ：To provide references and scientific suggestions for improving food fortification policy and revising related national standards. Method：The application status of risk analysis to food fortification outside China were described, and the characteristics and critical factors of risk assessment, risk management and risk communica- tion for food fortification were analyzed. Results：Micronutrients can be classified according to their safety margin, i. e. the size of the interval between the recommended intake and the upper safe level of intake. The risk of both too low and excess intakes of single micronutrients and the consequences of fortification practices on eating behavior and dis- ease patterns should be assessed when developing fortification regulations. Conclusion：National fortification regula- tions should be adjusted according to risk analysis method and based on the complicated nutritional and dietary status of Chinese residents. Fortification guidelines should be developed for food industry.