2013年广水市健康儿童4种疫苗接种后抗体水平监测结果分析

目的：了解该辖区内7～＜13岁健康儿童麻疹、流行性乙型脑炎、脊髓灰质炎、乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果，为全市制定免疫防控策略及风险评估提供科学依据。方法抽取全市7～＜13岁健康儿童4616例，采用 ELISA 进行4种抗体检测。结果广水市7～＜13岁健康儿童麻疹、脊髓灰质炎、流行性乙型脑炎、乙型肝炎抗体阳性率分别为94．41％、93．07％、93．78％、68．72％，前3种抗体保护水平均在85％以上，4种抗体阳性率比较，差异均有统计学意义（χ2＝1987．08，P＝0．000）。流行性乙型脑炎抗体阳性率在不同年龄段差异无统计学意义（χ2＝10．141，P＝0．071）。麻疹、脊髓灰质炎、乙型肝炎抗体阳性率在不同年龄段差异有统计学意义（χ2＝40．471，P＝0．000；χ2＝25．174，P ＝0．000；χ2＝283．641，P＝0．000）。4种抗体阳性率在不同性别间的差异均无统计学意义（χ2＝0．019，P＝0．889；χ2＝1．017，P＝0．313；χ2＝0．018，P＝0．892；P ＝0．639，P＝0．424）。麻疹、脊髓灰质炎、流行性乙型脑炎在全市17个乡镇／社区间差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0．099，P ＝1．000；χ2＝0．117，P ＝1．000；χ2＝0．134，P＝1．000）。乙型肝炎抗体阳性率在17个乡镇／社区间差异有统计学意义（χ2＝186．179，P ＝0．001）。结论广水市7～＜13岁健康儿童麻疹、脊髓灰质炎、流行性乙型脑炎抗体水平达到了保护率，但乙型肝炎抗体水平有待提高，应继续加强监测工作，强化查种补漏工作。

Analysis on monitoring results of antibody levels after 4-vaccine inoculation among healthy children in Guangshui City during 2013

Objective To understand the antibody levels after the inoculation of measles ,poliomyelitis ,epidemic encephalitis B and hepatitis B vaccines among healthy children aged 7 - < 13 years old in Guangshui City of Hubei province to provide the scientif ‐ic basis for formulating the immune prevention and control strategy and risk assessment in whole city .Methods 4 616 healthy chil‐dren aged 7 - < 13 years old were sampled from the whole city .The enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) was used to de‐tect the 4‐antibody levels .Results The antibody positive rates of measles ,poliomyelitis ,epidemic encephalitis B and hepatitis B a‐mong healthy children aged 7 - < 13 years old in Guangshui City were 94 .41% ,93 .07% ,93 .78% and 68 .72% respectively .The protection levels of first three kinds of antibody reached more than 85% ;the positive rates had statistical difference among 4 kinds of antibody(χ2 = 1 987 .08 ,P = 0 .000) .The antibody positive rates of epidemic encephalitis B had no statistical difference among different age periods (χ2 = 10 .141 ,P= 0 .071) ;the antibody positive rates of measles ,poliomyelitis and hepatitis B had statistical difference among different age periods(χ2 = 40 .471 ,P = 0 .000 ;χ2 = 25 .174 ,P = 0 .000 ;χ2 = 283 .641 ,P = 0 .000) .The positive rates of 4 kinds of antibody had no statistical difference between different genders (χ2 = 0 .019 ,P= 0 .889 ;χ2 = 1 .017 ,P= 0 .313 ;χ2 = 0 .018 ,P= 0 .892 ;P= 0 .639 ,P= 0 .424) ;the antibody positive rates of measles ,poliomyelitis and epidemic encephalitis B had no statistical differences among 17 villages and towns in the whole city (χ2 = 0 .099 ,P= 1 .000 ;χ2 = 0 .117 ,P= 1 .000 ;χ2 = 0 .134 , P= 1 .000) ,while the antibody positive rate of hepatitis B had statistical difference among these villages and towns (χ2 = 186 .179 , P= 0 .001) .Conclusion The antibody levels of measles ,poliomyelitis and epidemic encephalitis B reach the protection rate ,but the antibody level of hepatitis B needs to be increased .The monitoring work should be continuously strengthened and the seeking missed inoculation and re‐inoculation work should be reinforced .