Enhanced dendritic cell antigen presentation in RNA-based immunotherapy |
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Authors: | Kalady Matthew F Onaitis Mark W Padilla Karen M Emani Sirisha Tyler Douglas S Pruitt Scott K |
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Institution: | Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. |
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Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Dendritic cells pulsed with mRNA provide a unique approach to tumor immunotherapy. We hypothesized that increased mRNA transfection efficiency and dendritic cell maturation would improve antigen processing and presentation as well as T-cell costimulation, resulting in enhanced induction of antimelanoma immune responses. METHODS: Immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells were transfected with mRNA by passive pulsing, lipofection, or electroporation. Dendritic cells were either left untreated or matured using the double-stranded RNA poly(I:C). T-Cell cultures were generated by stimulation of na?ve T-cells with each set of dendritic cells. Specific antigen presentation and specific effector T-cell generation were analyzed by an IFN-gamma release Elispot assay. RESULTS: Greatest intracellular green fluorescent protein was observed by flow cytometry following dendritic cell electroporation with green fluorescent protein mRNA. DC presentation of Mart-1/Melan A peptide, as measured by Elispot assay using a specific T-cell clone, was greatest following transfection with Mart-1/Melan A mRNA by electroporation. Maturation of dendritic cells further improved antigen presentation regardless of transfection technique. Specific Mart-1/Melan A effector T cells were produced after culture of na?ve T cells with dendritic cells that were electroporated with Mart-1/Melan A mRNA and then matured, but not for dendritic cells that remained immature. CONCLUSIONS: Efficient mRNA transfection by electroporation as well as dendritic cell maturation results in increased levels of Mart-1/Melan A antigen presentation and enhanced production of antigen-specific effector T cells. This combination of strategies may be used to enhance immune responses to RNA-based dendritic cell vaccines. |
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Keywords: | dendritic cells mRNA-based vaccines immunotherapy antigen presentation |
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