纤维支气管镜检查112例不同年龄组肺不张临床分析

目的探讨不明原因肺不张纤维支气管镜(纤支镜)检查的应用价值及不同年龄组肺不张病因的特点。方法X线、CT诊断肺不张112例，经纤支镜观察、活检、刷检及细菌学、抗炎治疗等明确诊断。结果112例确定病因的肺不张中，肺癌70例(62．5％)，炎症27例(24．1％)，结核12例(10．7％)，异物3例(2．7％)。老年组肺癌(84．5％)占首位，炎症(13、8％)次之，结核(1．70%)少见；中年组以肺癌(54．3％)和炎症(37．1％)为主，结核(8．6％)较少见；青年组结核(42．1％)和炎症(31．6％)多见，异物(15．7％)和肺癌(10，5％)较少。结论中老年肺不张多数为肺癌所致，青年人肺不张以结核和炎症多见。纤支镜检查是确定肺不张病因的最主要手段，具有重要的临床应用价值。

Clinical analysis of 112 cases with atelectasis from different ages by fiberoptic bronchoscopy

To explore the values of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in uncertain cause of atelectasis and the features of etiologic cause of atelectasis. 112 cases that had been diagnosed atelectasis by x-ray and CT were examined through fiberoptic bronchoscopy, biopsy, brush biopsy and microbiology. Among 112 cases with atelectasis, etiologic causes were lung cancer (62.5%), inflammation (24.1%), tuberculosis (10.7%) and foreign body (2.7%). In old patients, major cause was lung cancer (84.5%), the second was inflammation (13.8%), tuberculosis (1.7%) was the minors. In middle age patients, major causes were lung cancer (54.3%) and inflammation (37.1%), tuberculosis (8.6%) was less. In young patients, rates of tuberculosis, inflammation, foreign body and lung cancer were 42.1%, 31.6%, 15.7% and 10.5% respectively. [Conclusions] In middle age and old patients, atelectasis mostly resulted from lung cancer, in young patients, it was from tuberculosis and inflammation. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is the main means to detect the cause of atelectasis, it has important applicational value in clinic.