2004-2014年安徽省血吸虫病疫情分析

目的分析2004-2014年安徽省血吸虫病疫情动态变化,为制订"十三五"血吸虫病防治规划提供参考依据。方法收集2004-2014年安徽省血吸虫病防治信息资料、疫情监测资料,分析全省血吸虫病疫情变化。结果安徽省钉螺面积自2004年以来呈波动上升趋势,至2011年达到最高近3.1亿m2;自2012年起钉螺面积开始下降,2012年钉螺面积较2011年下降了10.55%,2014年钉螺面积降低到近10年来最低水平。2004-2008年全省钉螺密度处于波动状态,2008年以后全省钉螺密度总体呈下降趋势,自2011年起钉螺平均密度均1只/0.1 m2。2004-2011年全省钉螺感染率呈现波动徘徊状态,2012年钉螺感染率迅速下降,2013、2014年连续2年未发现感染性钉螺。2004-2014年人群血吸虫感染率呈现逐年下降趋势,2006年以后各年份急性血吸虫感染人数均在50例以下,且病例呈散在分布,2013、2014年全省无急性血吸虫感染发生。2004-2011年家畜血吸虫感染率均1%,2012年快速下降至0.55%,2014年家畜感染率首次低于同期人群血吸虫感染率。2011年以后,全省血吸虫病传播控制达标进程加速,2012-2014年全省血吸虫病传播控制达标县(市、区)数分别为4、9、14个,乡(镇)数分别为33、76个和32个。结论安徽省血吸虫病防治工作取得显著成效,但巩固成果乃至阻断血吸虫病传播的任务仍很艰巨。

Trend analysis of schistosomiasis endemic situation in Anhui Province from 2004 to 2014

Objective Objective To analyze the changes of schistosomiasis endemic situation in Anhui Province from 2004 to 2014， so as to provide the evidence for formulating“The thirteenth five year”schistosomiasis control plan. Methods Methods The information for schistosomiasis control and the data of the endemic surveillance of schistosomiasis were collected and analyzed for the chang? es of schistosomiasis endemic situation in Anhui Province from 2004 to 2014. Results Results The Oncomelania hupensis snail areas presented on a rising trend，and reached to the largest area with about 3.1 billon m2 in 2011. However，the snail areas decreased from 2012，and reduced by 10.55% in 2012 compared with the areas in 2011，and reduced to the lowest level in 2014 in recent 10 years. The density of living snails presented a fluctuation situation from 2004 to 2008，and on a decreasing trend from 2008， and the density of living snails was below 1 snail/0.1 m2 after 2011. The infection rate of snails remained stagnant state from 2004 to 2011，and decreased rapidly in 2012，and no schistosome infected snails were found in 2013 and 2014. The schistosome in? fection rate of residents decreased gradually，and the number of acute schistosomiasis was under 50 cases with scattered distribu? tion after 2006，and no acute cases occurred in 2013 and 2014. The infection rate of livestock was above 1% from 2004 to 2011， and reduced to 0.55% in 2012，and it was the first time that the infection rate of livestock was lower than that of residents in the same year in 2014. The progress for achieving the goal of schistosomiasis transmission control accelerated after 2011，and the number of counties that reached the standard of schistosomiasis transmission controlled from 2012 to 2014 was 4，9 and 14 and the number of townships was 33，76 and 32，respectively. Conclusion Conclusion Schistosomiasis control has achieved remarkable effec? tiveness in Anhui Province，but there still exists hard work to consolidate the achievement and reach schistosomiasis transmis? sion interrupted.