2014年江苏省疟疾疫情流行病学分析

目的 掌握2014年江苏省疟疾疫情及流行特征，为制订和调整适合本省的消除疟疾策略和措施提供依据。方法 对2014年全省网络报告疟疾疫情和专报系统的流行病学调查资料进行统计分析。 结果 2014年江苏省共报告疟疾355例，较2013年（341例）上升4.11%，发病率为0.046/万。355例均为国外输入性病例，4例（1.13%）来自东南亚，351例（98.87%）来自21个非洲国家或地区。全省13个市均有疟疾病例报告，其中淮安市（56例）、南通市（46例）、连云港市（42例）、扬州市（41例）和泰州市（40例）报告病例数占全省总数的63.38%（225/355）。省疟疾诊断参比实验室对355份样本进行复核，发现恶性疟292例、间日疟4例、三日疟10例、卵形疟46例，混合感染3例。病例追踪观察发现，355例疟疾病例中有6例恶性疟出现了再燃，有4例卵形疟和1例间日疟出现了复发。结论　江苏省已连续3年无本地感染疟疾病例，初步实现消除疟疾目标，但境外输入性疟疾病例仍较多，且感染虫种呈多样性，加强境外输入性疟疾监测、提高各级医疗机构相关人员对疟疾的诊断和治疗能力、针对性地开展重点人群健康教育，是本省疟疾防控工作的重点。

Epidemiological analysis of malaria prevalence in Jiangsu Province in 2014

Objective To understand the malaria epidemic situation and characteristics in Jiangsu Province in 2014， so as to provide the evidence for formulating and adjusting appropriate strategies and measures for malaria elimination in this province. Methods The reported malaria cases from the Internet Reporting System and the epidemiological data of malaria in Jiangsu Province were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 355 malaria cases were reported in Jiangsu Province in 2014， which was increased by 4.11% comparing to that in 2013 （341cases）， and the malaria incidence was 0.046/10 000. All the 355 cases were imported from other countries， among which， 4 cases （1.13%） were from Southeast Asia； the other 351 cases （98.87%） were from 21 African countries. Though the cases were distributed in all the 13 prefecture?level cities in Jiangsu Province， the number of cases in 5 of them namely Huai’an， Nantong， Lianyungang， Yangzhou and Taizhou accounted for 63.38% （225/355）. A total of 292 falciparum malaria cases， 4 tertian malaria cases， 10 quartan malaria cases， 46 ovale malaria cases and 3 mixed infection cases were confirmed after re?checked by Jiangsu Provincial Reference Lab of Malaria. The follow?up observation of the cases showed that among the 355 cases， 6 falciparum malaria cases recrudesced， and 4 ovale malaria cases and 1 tertian malaria case recurred. Conclusions There have been no local malaria cases reported from Jiangsu Province in the last three years， indicating the object of malaria elimination has been achieved initiatively. However， there are still many imported malaria cases from other countries， with a diverse species of plasmodium. Therefore， the surveillance of the imported malaria， the training for diagnosis and treatment of malaria as well as the health education to the key population should be strengthened.