2014年淮安市疟疾疫情分析及防控策略探讨

目的掌握2014年淮安市疟疾疫情现状,为制订和调整适合该市的消除疟疾策略和措施提供依据。方法收集2014年全市网络报告疟疾疫情和专报系统的流行病学调查资料,对2014年疟疾疫情及病例诊治情况进行统计分析。结果 2014年淮安市共报告疟疾56例,较2013年上升了43.59%,发病率为0.12/万;所有病例均为非洲输入性病例,其中恶性疟50例、卵形疟4例、三日疟1例、混合感染1例。56例病例均为男性;年龄为24~59岁;职业以农民工为主,占96.43%(54例);文化程度以初中为主,占69.64%(39例)。按地区分布统计,病例数居前三位的县(区)依次为淮安区(32例)、盱眙县(8例)和淮阴区(6例),3个县(区)占淮安籍病例数的82.14%。2014年全年均有病例报告,无明显季节特征。从发病到就诊时间中位数为2 d;从就诊到确诊时间中位数为1 d;16.67%(8例)的病例初次就诊时被诊断为其他疾病。所有病例均经淮安市疟疾参比实验室确诊,均得到规范的抗疟治疗。结论淮安市境外感染的输入性疟疾病例日益增多,且感染虫种呈多样性。因此仍需加强出入境人员健康教育及疟疾诊治技能培训等措施以控制输入性疟疾疫情。

Analysis of malaria situation and discussion of control strategies in Huai&rsquo|an City, 2014

Objective Objective To understand the malaria epidemic situation in Huai’ an City in 2014，so as to provide the evidence for formulating and adjusting effective strategies and measures to eliminate malaria. Methods Methods The reported malaria cases from the Internet Reporting System and the epidemiological data of malaria of Huai’ an City in 2014 were collected and analyzed statis? tically. Results Results A total of 56 malaria cases were reported in Huai’ an City in 2014 with the incidence of 0.12/10 000，and 43.59%of increasing rate compared with the previous year（39 cases） . All these cases were imported from African countries. There were 50 cases of falciparum malaria，4 cases of ovale malaria， 1 case of quartan malaria and 1 case of mixed infections. All the patients were male and aged 24-59 years. Totally 96.43% of the patients（54 cases）were peasants and 69.64% of them （39 cases）only received junior high school education. The malaria cases were mainly distributed in Huai’ an District（32 cas? es），Xuyi County（8 cases）and Huaiyin District（6 cases），totally accounting for 82.14%. There was no significant seasonal variation in the reporting time of the cases. The median time from onset to seeing a doctor was 2 days and the median time from seeing a doctor to being diagnosed was 1 day. Totally 16.67% of the patients（8 cases）were misdiagnosed when they first visited a doctor. All the patients were laboratory confirmed and all of them received the standard treatment after diagnosis. Conclu Conclu? ? sions sions There have been no local malaria cases reported from Huai’ an City in the last three years. However，the situation of im? ported malaria is more serious and the species of infected Plasmodium are more diverse. Therefore，to accomplish the aim of ma? laria elimination in the whole city，it is necessary to further strengthen the multi?sectoral cooperation，health education，malaria screening and professional training to control the imported malaria.