呼吸科下呼吸道感染病原学及耐药性检测

目的探讨呼吸科下呼吸道感染的病原菌分布情况及其耐药特点。方法回顾性分析本院呼吸科监护病房80例患者病原学和细菌耐药性特点。结果革兰阴性细菌占主导地位，主要包括铜绿假单胞菌（32．52％）、肺炎克雷伯菌（27．64％）、大肠埃希杆菌（16．26％）；革兰阳性菌中金黄色葡萄球菌（8．93％）占主导地位；致病菌对常用抗菌药的耐药性普遍升高。结论呼吸科下呼吸道感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌占优势，铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为呼吸科下呼吸道感染的主要致病菌；致病菌耐药性升高，加强综合防治和抗生素的合理使用是降低感染和细菌耐药的重要保证。

Study on nosetiology and drug resistance in lower respiratory tract infection

Objective To investigate the characteristics of distribution and drug resistance of bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection in intensive care unit of Respiratory Disease Department.Methods The characteristics of distribution and drug resistance of bacteria in 80 patients in intensive care unit were retrospectively analyzed.Results The Gram negative bacteria are the most frequent pathogenic agents,and these include Pseudomonas aeruginosa(32.52%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(27.64%)and Escherichia coli(16.26%),and Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most frequent Gram-positive bacteria(8.93%).The drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is generally stepped up.Conclusion Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are the main pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection in Respiratory Disease Department,and the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is significantly increased.The augmentation of integrate control and rational application of antibiotics play an important role in reducing infection and drug resistance of bacteria.