2011年北京市昌平区甲型H1N1流感血清流行病学调查结果分析

目的了解北京市昌平区自然人群对甲型H1N1流感的免疫水平。方法 2011年4月5～15日之间,在全区4个镇街的4个社区/行政村随机选取调查对象进行问卷调查,并采集血样本进行甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝抑制（H1）抗体检测。结果共选取750名调查对象,其中113名（15.07%）调查对象甲型H1N1流感病毒H1抗体为阳性。0～岁、6～岁、16～岁、26～及≥60岁年龄组H1抗体阳性率分别为16.50%、25.51%、17.29%、4.85%和9.80%（χ2=34.16,P〈0.01）,不同地区、年龄、是否接种过流感疫苗与H1抗体阳性,差异有统计学意义（P均〈0.01）。而性别及是否出现急性呼吸道症状H1抗体阳性,差异无统计学意义（P=0.13,P=0.08）。结论 2011年,昌平区15.07%自然人群具有一定的甲型H1N1流感保护性抗体,但抗体水平较低,人群普遍易感,建议加强学校、托幼机构、农村及25岁及以上年龄组人群防控工作。

Analysis on serological epidemiology of Influenza A(HIN1) in Changping district of Beijing in 2011

Objective To understand the immunological status of influenza A(HIN1) among residents in Changping district,Beijing in 2011.Methods A total of 750 residents were randomly selected in 16 communities of Changping district from April 5 to 15,2011 to complete questionnaire survey.Blood samples were collected for the detection of the hemagglutination-inhibition(HI) antibody against influenza A(HIN1) virus.Results There were 113 participants found to be HI antibody positive with positive rate of 15.07%.Among age groups of 0~5,6~15,16~25,25~59 and 60 years and older,the antibody positive rates were 16.50%,25.51%,17.29%,4.85% and 9.80% respectively(χ2=34.16.P<0.01).There were significant correlations of antibody with age,regions(urban or rural) and history of vaccination(P< 0.01).Conclusions In 2011,although 15.07% residents in Changping district are positive for this protective antibody against influenza A(HIN1),but the level is relatively low.The whole population is generally susceptible to H1N1 virus.Therefore it is suggested that children in schools and nurseries,residents in rural areas and older than 25 years need to be closely monitored during the endemic.