胎儿鼻骨超声检查对唐氏综合征产前筛查的价值

目的探讨产前和产后超声检查唐氏综合征(DS)胎儿鼻骨发育情况,以提高DS胎儿的产前筛查率。方法对42例经染色体核型分析证实为21-三体的DS胎儿和240例染色体正常胎儿的鼻骨产前超声声像图以及30例DS胎儿引产后尸体标本的鼻骨超声声像图进行分析,并于正中矢状切面测量鼻骨长度。结果染色体正常胎儿的鼻骨随着孕周增长而增长,鼻骨长度与孕周呈线性关系,超声孕周与鼻骨长度的相关系数为0.541(P0.05)。57.1%(24/42)的DS胎儿存在鼻骨缺失或发育不良,其中20例鼻骨缺失,超声声像图特征为颜面部正中矢状切面和横切面均显示无强回声鼻骨;4例鼻骨发育不良,超声声像图特征为鼻骨短小和一侧鼻骨缺失。结论 DS胎儿易发生鼻骨缺失或发育不良,胎儿鼻骨的产前超声检查可作为DS产前筛查的一个有效措施。

Value of fetal nasal bone in prenatal sereening Doun syndrome fetus by ultrasonography

Objective To study nasal bone of Down syndrome(DS) fetus by prenatal and postnatal ultrasonography and try to increase the screening rate of DS fetus by prenatal ultrasonography.Methods The prenatal nasal bone sonograms in a total of 42 cases with trisomy 21 and 240 cases chromosomal normal confirmed by karyotyping and postnatal nasal bone sonograms of 30 cases with DS fetus were retrospectively analyzed.Nasal bone length was measured on the mid-sagittal view of the fetal profile.Results The nasal bone leng...