基于社区流调数据探讨脑梗死发病的相关影响因素及健康教育策略

目的了解北京市某社区居民脑梗死（Cerebral Infarction，CI）发病的影响因素，为预防和控制CI的发生提供科学依据，为健康教育策略的制定提供现实依据。方法采用1：1配对病例对照研究方法，在北京市某社区有档案记录的CI首发病人80例作为病例组，配对选取同期居住的非脑血管病居民80例作为对照组，调查既往病史、家族史、环境因素等流行病学方面的资料。采用SPSS15．0软件对CI发病的相关因素进行分析。结果多因素Logistic回归分析显示经常运动（OR=0．39，95％CI：0．17—0．92，P=0．031）和高文化程度（OR=0．31，95％CI：0．14-0.69，P=0.004）为CI保护性因素；既往有高血压（OR=3．42，95％CI：1．40-8．31，P=0．007）、高血糖（OR=2．81，95％CI：1．22～6．50，P=0．016）病史为CI危险因素。结论北京市某社区居民脑梗死的危险因素主要为既往有高血压和高血糖，高文化程度和经常运动为保护因素，应实行个性化健康教育指导。

Analysis on cerebral infarction related influential factors based on community epidemiological data and health education strategies

Objective To explore the influential factors for cerebral infarction （CI） and provide scientific support for CI prevention and control. Methods A 1 ： 1 matched case-control study on 80 pairs was conducted. Primary patients with files recorded in a community of Beijing were selected as case group, and residences without cerebrovascular disease in the same period as control group. The investigation included medical history, family history, and environmental factors. All the data were analyzed by the SPSS 15.0. Results Logistic regression analysis showed physical exercise, history of hyper- tension and high glucose levels were the influential factors for CI. Physical exercise （OR =0. 39, 95% CI： O. 17 -0. 92, P =0. 031） and higher education （OR =0. 31, 95% CI： 0. 14 -0. 69, P =0. 004） were protective factors while history of hypertension （OR=3.42, 95% CI： 1.40-8.31, P=0.007） and high levels （OR=2.81, 95% CI： 1.22-6.50, P =0. 016） were the risk factors. Conclusion History of hypertension, and high glucose levels were the risk factors for CI among community residents in Beijing. Health education activities such as individualized instruction are needed.