Association Between Changes in Smoking Habits in Subsequent Pregnancy and Infant Birth Weight in West Virginia |
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Authors: | Ilana R Azulay Chertok Juhua Luo Robert H Anderson |
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Institution: | (1) School of Nursing, Department of Health Promotion, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;(2) Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Translational Tobacco Reduction Research Program, School of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA |
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Abstract: | West Virginia has one of the highest prenatal smoking prevalence rates in the nation. While overall national prenatal smoking
rates have been declining, the prevalence rates in West Virginia continue to climb. Smoking in pregnancy has been associated
with deleterious health outcomes in infants, including decreased birth weight. Yet, minimal research has been done on changes
in smoking behaviors over time and the association of the changes in infant birth weights. The aim of the current study is
to examine the change in prenatal smoking status of West Virginia women and the associated changes in infant birth weights.
Population-based secondary data analysis was conducted using West Virginia birth certificates for all singleton infant siblings
born between 1989 and 2006, linked based on mother. Infants born to women who smoked during pregnancy had significantly lower
birth weights than infants born to non-smokers. Repeated measures analysis used to examine the changes with time showed that
women who smoked during their first pregnancy but refrained from smoking during their subsequent pregnancy had significantly
increased birth weight for the second infant, and conversely, infants born to women who initiated smoking with the subsequent
pregnancy had significantly decreased birth weight compared to the previous infant. Findings of the study may be used to inform
and to guide the development of population focused interventions to decrease maternal prenatal smoking in first and in subsequent
pregnancies in an effort to improve infant birth weight outcomes. |
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