某医院泌尿系感染者常见病原菌的分离和药敏分析

目的]了解泌尿系感染病原菌的分布及耐药性，为临床提供可靠的诊断和治疗依据。方法]对济南军区总医院2007年6月1日至2008年5月31日门诊及住院患者尿培养分离出的147株病原菌进行常规鉴定，药敏试验采用K—B法测定。结果]分离的147株病原菌中70．07％（103株）为革兰氏阴性杆菌，以肠杆菌为主，其中大肠埃希菌72株，占48．98％（72／147）；革兰氏阳性球菌39株，占26．53％。其中，肠球菌属25株，占17．01％；葡萄球菌属14株，占9．52％；真菌2株，占1．36％。革兰氏阴性杆菌对亚胺培南和头孢替坦耐药率最低，对氨苄西林耐药率最高。革兰氏阳性球菌未见对万古霉素、利奈唑胺耐药。对环丙沙星耐药率最高。结论]肠杆菌科细菌、肠球菌属为泌尿系感染的主要病原菌，合理使用抗生索对有效控制泌尿系感染尤为关键。

Analysis of the Isolation and Drug Sensitivity of Common Pathogenic Bacteria in Urinary Tract Infection

Objective]To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection and provide reliable basis for diagnosis and treatment. Methods] 147 strains of pathogenic bacteria isolated and cultured from the urine of the inpatients and outpatients in the General Hospital of Ji＇nan Military Region from 1 June 2007 to 31 May 2008 were identified. Drug resistance test was conducted with K-B method. Results]Of the 147 pathogenic bacteria isolated,Gram-Negative bacilli accounted for 70.07 % （103）, most of them were enteric bacilli. Of them Escherichia coli accounted for 48.98 % （72） ;Gram-Positive cocci accounted for 26.53 % （39/）, of them Enterococcus accounted for 17.01 （25） ,Staphylococcus accounted for 9.52 % ;fungus accounted for 1.36% （2）. Gram-negative bacilli had the lowest resistance to Imipenem and Cefotetan while had the highest resistance to Ampicillin, the resistance of Gram-positive cocci to Vancomycin and Linezolid was not detected,they had the highest resistance to Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion]Urinary tract infection was mainly caused by the pathogenic bacteria of Entetobacteriaceae bacteria and Enterococcus. Rational use of antibiotics was very important to control urinary tract infection.