1999～2007年滕州市麻疹流行特征分析

目的]了解滕州市麻疹流行特征,为制定消除麻疹策略提供依据。方法]对滕州市1999-2007年麻疹发病资料进行分析。结果]1999-2007年共报告麻疹221例,年均发病率为1.39/10万。发病率以2002年最低,2007年最高,不同年份间发病率的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。城区发病率为3.63/10万,农村发病率为0.91/10万,二者差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。发病年龄为14 d至49岁。其中,〈8月龄的38例,8-11月龄的36例,〉20岁52例。78例（35.29%）的有麻疹疫苗免疫史,111例（50.23%）的无免疫史,32例（14.28%）免疫史不详。病例主要集中在3-5月,共124例,占56.17%。2007年发病季节与往年有明显不同,病例主要集中在10-12月,占全年总病例的78.79%。结论]滕州市麻疹发病率长期以来低于山东平均水平（4/10万以下）,但近3年来麻疹发病出现较大回升。提高麻疹及时接种率、开展麻疹成人免疫检测、加强流动人口管理是消除麻疹的重要措施。

Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristic of Measles of Tengzhou City from 1999 to 2007

Objective]To understand epidemiological characteristic of measles in Tengzhou, Provide scientific basis for making strategies of measles elimination. Methods]Data of measles prevalence from 1999 to 2007 in Tengzhou were analyzed. Results]221 cases were reported from 1999 to 2007. The yearly average morbidity was 1.39/100 000. The lowest incidence was reported in 2002 while the highest was reported in 2007. There was a difference of the incidence in different years （P 〈 0.01）. The morbidity reported in urban district was 3.63/100 000, while in rural areas was 0.93/ 100 000. There was a difference（ P d0.01）. The cases were at the age from 14 d to 49 years old. （38 cases aged 8-month, 36 cases aged from 8-month to 11-month,52 cases aged over 20）. 78 cases （35.25%） had immune history, while 111 （50.23%）eases had no immune history and unknown history was in 32 cases. 124 cases were reported from March to May,accounting for 56. 17% . 78.79% of the cases were reported from October to September in 2007. Conclusion] The morbidity of measles in Tengzhou city was lower than the average level of Shandong province （below 4/100 000）, but the prevalence was going up in the past three years. The improvement of timely immunization coverage rate, measles immune test for adults, strengthening the management for floating population were the key of measles elimination.