2008年新汶矿区护理人员职业损伤情况调查

[目的]了解护士在工作中发生职业损伤情况及其对伤害的认知度，以便制定有针对性的防护措施。[方法]2008年5月，对新汶矿区11家医院的577名护士进行有关职业暴露损伤及防护情况的问卷调查。[结果]调查577人，从事护理工作后96．36％受到过不同类型的职业损伤，其中被针头刺伤的占93．55％，安瓿或玻璃注射器割伤的占93．76％，化学消毒剂损伤占50．95％，紫外线灼伤的占38．65％，接触血液、体液的占32．93％，化学药物损伤的占26．52％。工作强度超负荷的占58．93％．工作有心理压力的占60．31％，医患关系紧张的占48．87％。认为需要职业防护相关知识培训的占97．75％，要求单位培训者占78．51％。认为理想的自我防护行为是技术操作规范熟练、操作前后规范洗手、用后的针头锐器及时处理、可能接触病人血液体液时戴手套口罩、使用配置化疗药物的专门设施、自我心理调适的，分别占84．23％、81．98％、90．30％、79．03％、56．67％、61．87％。[结论]新汶矿区医院护士职业损伤较严重。

A Survey of Vocational Injury among Nursing Personnel in Xinwen Mining Area in 2008

[Objective]To understand the status of occupational injury among nursing personnel and their recognition degree so as to take specific protective measures. [Methods]577 nurses from 11 hospitals in Xinwen mining area were surveyed in May,2008 ,with a questionnaire concerning vocational injury and protection. [Results]96.36 % of the 577 subjects have experienced vocational injuries. 93.55% of the victims have been stung by needles,93.76 % cut by medical bottles or glass syringes, 50.95 % hurt by disinfector,38. 65 % burnt by ultraviolet,32.93 % in contact with blood or other body fluids,26.52% harmed by chemical drugs,58. 93% overworked,60. 31% under pressure and 48.87% tormented by the tense doctor-patient relationship. 97.75 % feel they need vocational prevention and protection training and 78.51% call for their hospitals to organize such training. Standard and skillful operation, washing hands appropriately before and after operation,dealing with used needles promptly, wearing gloves and masks to avoid direct contact with the blood or other body fluids of the patients, utilizing specific facilities when dealing with chemotherapeutics, and mental self-adjustment accounts for 84. 23%, 81.98%, 90.30%, 79.03%, 56.67%, 61.87% respectively in regard to perfect self-protection measures. [Conclusion]Nurses in the hospitals of Xinwen mining area suffered from severe vocational injuries.