24个群体11个Y-STR基因座单倍型遗传关系的聚类分析

目的 选择具有高度遗传多态性与稳定性的11个Y-STR基因座,从父系遗传角度探讨24个群体的分子遗传学关系.方法 应用PowerPlex(R)Y System荧光标记复合扩增系统检测204名回族、280名锡伯族、203名满族、215名重庆土家族无关男性个体血样,用ABI310遗传分析仪进行基因分型,计算等位基因和单倍型频率,并结合已公开发表的国内外其他20个群体相同基因座的单倍型数据,计算各群体间的遗传距离Rst,进行聚类分析,并采用Neighbor-Joining法重建系统发生树.结果 不同群体特定Y-STR的单倍型频率和遗传距离存在差异;聚类分析与系统发生树结果一致,12个汉族群体主要分为南北两类,云南和四川汉族与北方汉族遗传距离较近(0.002 3、0.000 6);沈阳回族群体自成一类,其他少数民族彼此独立分支,其中朝鲜族与韩国、日本遗传距离较近(0.013 3、0.041 3).结论 24个群体之间存在一定的基因交流,个别少数民族相对独立;研究特定Y-STR单倍型数据的遗传距离对了解各群体的起源、迁移以及相互关系有重要的意义.

The cluster analysis of 11 Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes in 24 populations

Objective Through paternal inheritance, to explore the molecular genetic relationships of 11 Y chromosomal short tandem repeat gene loci in 24 populations. Methods 11 Y-STR loci in all samples were amplified with PowerPlex(R)Y System, and the PCR products were analyzed using 310 Genetic Analyzer.Cluster analysis and phylogenetic trees constructed by Neighbor-Joining method were applied to show the genetic distance among the populations. Results Analysis of the haplotype frequencies and studies of genetic distance indicated that 11 Y-STR loci polymorphisms varied notably between Han subpopulations and minorities populations. The phylogenetic tree was similar to the results of clustering analysis and all of the 24 populations were clustered into 3 major groups,plus some minority groups. All of 12 Han populations were clustered into southern Han and northern Han groups. Yunnan Han and Sichuan Han relatively close to northeast Han(0.002 3,0. 000 6), and not to the typical southern Han populations even though they live on theSouth. Hui ethnic alone was another group and other minorities are relatively separated. The result also showed that the populations in Chinese Korean ethnic, Republic of korea, Japan were close to each other(0. 013 3,0. 041 3). Conclusion The 24 different populations have gene communications, and some minorities far scattered as their geographical location;The study of haplotype distance among different populations is useful in research of their origins, migrations and their relationships.