自发性高血压大鼠蓝斑核超微结构的研究

用5只雄性自发性高血压大鼠作为实验组，另2只正常血压雄性大鼠作为对照组。常规电镜技术处理后，观察、拍照并计数每个电镜视野内的有关结构，比较两组蓝斑核神经元超微结构的特点。结果：在两组的蓝斑核神经元内均可见到大量的细胞器和胞质内含物：高尔基复合体、线粒体、粗面内质网、神经分泌颗粒、膜下囊泡和棘器，实验组比对照组多且发达，其中后三者尤为显著；神经毯内两组的突触类型均以GrayⅠ型（不对称型）为主，但实验组的突触前膨大内圆形清亮突触小泡（S型）和致密核芯颗粒突触小泡（g型）较多，平行性突触、连续性突触及嵴突触等特殊形态的突触实验组亦多于对照组。结果提示：自发性高血压的形成与蓝斑核神经元超微结构的功能活动和结构变化密切相关，在高血压时，蓝斑核有较多的神经无处于兴奋状态，而正常血压的调节和维持则有赖于蓝斑核神经元兴奋和抑制状态的平衡。

ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF LOCUS COERULEUS NEURONS IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS

Five male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and two male normotension Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were used in the present study. Ultrastructural features of the locus coeruleus (LC) neurons in SHR and WKY were observed and compared by using electron microscopic method. The LC of SHR and WKY: The number of cell organelles and cytoplasm inclusions were found in the LC of SHR and WKY. The numbers of the Golgi complex, mitochondria , rough endoplasmic reticulum in LC cytoplasm of SHR were more than those of WKY, and these organelles in LC cytoplasm of SHR were more developed than those of WKY, especially, the neurosecretory granules, hypolemmal cistern and spine apparatus were much more in SHR than that in WKY. The majority of synapses in both SHR and WKY were Gray type Ⅰ(asymmetrical) in the neuropils. However, the number of synapses which contained spherical synaptic vesicles and granular synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic elements were much more in the LC of SHR than that in WKY, and the numbers of parallel synapse , serial synapse, crest synapse were more in the LC of SHR than that in WKY. These findings suggested that the development of spontaneously hypertension may be closed related to the functional activity and ultrastructural change of LC in SHR. There are some neurons in excitative state daring spontaneously hypertension; LC neurons have excitatory and inhibitory influences on maintainence and regulation of normotension.