腰椎间盘突出症经安全三角入路的微创治疗进展

腰椎间盘突出症是因脊神经根被椎间盘的髓核突出压迫而导致的一种病症,保守治疗可以缓解大多数患者的症状,但少数患者仍需手术,而近些年越来越多的微创手术被应用于腰椎间盘突出症。 与开放手术相比,微创手术创伤小,出血量少,下床和住院时间短,大大减轻了患者的痛苦。 后外侧入路腰椎间盘微创手术需经过“安全三角区”,在这块区域内没有横穿其中的重要神经、血管或者脏器结构,有利于进入椎间盘,减少腰神经根、血管损伤、脊柱不稳等并发症。 本文就拟选择后外侧入路经“安全三角”施行的腰椎间盘微创手术进行综述。

Progress of minimally invasive treatment of lumbar disc herniation via safe triangular approach

Lumbar disc herniation is a condition caused by the compression of the spinal nerve root by the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc. Conservative treatment can relieve the symptoms of most patients, but a few patients still need surgery. In recent years, more and more minimally invasive surgery has been applied to lumbar disc herniation. Compared with open surgery, minimally invasive surgery has less trauma, less bleeding, less time for off-bed activity and shorter length of stay, which greatly reduces the pain for patients. The minimally invasive surgery of the lumbar intervertebral disc through the posterolateral approach needs to pass through the safe triangle zone. There is no important nerve, blood vessel or organ structure traversing in this area, which is beneficial to entering the intervertebral disc and reducing complications such as lumbar nerve root, blood vessel injury and spinal instability. This article reviews the minimally invasive surgery of the lumbar intervertebral disc through the posterolateral approach to be performed through the safe triangle.