河北省邯郸市社区居民乙肝防治知识健康教育效果评价

目的了解河北省邯郸市社区居民健康教育前后对乙肝防治知识的知晓率及态度改变情况,评价健康教育的效果。方法在河北省邯郸市选择2个社区,分别作为干预组和对照组,对干预组实施健康教育干预,在干预前后分别开展问卷调查,了解居民乙肝防治知识的知晓情况及态度变化并对干预效果进行评价。结果干预组干预后乙肝疫苗作用、传播途径的知晓率约90%,对乙肝疫苗接种程序、接种对象、携带者概念的知晓率约为60%～70%,对乙肝疫苗种类及我国乙肝携带者人数等问题的知晓率不足40%,对照组大部分问题的知晓率在25%～45%之间,干预组的整体知晓率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预组关于乙肝疫苗预防接种的态度较对照组积极(P<0.05)。结论对社区人群进行乙肝防治知识健康教育,增强了社区人群对乙肝及其疫苗预防的认识。

Effectiveness evaluation of health education for hepatitis B prevention and control among community residents in Handan City of Hebei Province

Objective To understanding the residents＇ awareness rates and attitude change in hepatitis B prevention and control to evaluate the effectiveness of health education.Methods Two communities of Handan City were selected,one as intervention group,another as control group,and health education activities were conducted in intervention community.Questionnaires survey method was used before intervention and after intervention in two communities to evaluate the effectiveness of health education.Results The awareness rates for the function of hepatitis B vaccine and transmission way of hepatitis B were round 90% in intervention community after intervention.The awareness rates for the immunization schedule,vaccination subjects of hepatitis B vaccine and the conception of hepatitis B virus carrier were 60%-70%.The awareness rates for the kinds of hepatitis B vaccine and the numbers of Chinese HBV carriers were under 40%.The awareness rates of most knowledge were 25%-45% in control community.The awareness rates of intervention community were higher than that of control community,and the differences had statistical significance（P0.05）.The attitude to hepatitis B vaccine in intervention community was more active than that in control community（P0.05）.Conclusion Health education of hepatitis B prevention and control for community residents can improve residents＇ knowledge and attitude to hepatitis B,especially to vaccination.