中学生麻风病不同健康教育方法的效果比较研究

目的了解中学生对麻风病的知识、态度和行为情况,初步探索在中学生中开展麻风病健康教育的有效方法。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取893名中学生,分别接受专题讲座、专题讲座结合小折页和有奖知识竞赛3种干预方法,并分析其效果。结果接受专题讲座、专题讲座结合小折页和有奖知识竞赛3种干预方法的学生对麻风病因的知晓率分别由教育前的17.48%、11.41%和21.68%提高到教育后的84.62%、85.23%和93.85%;3组学生觉得麻风病和麻风病人不可怕的比例分别从干预前的12.59%、16.11%和23.95%提高到53.15%、75.17%和78.32%。有奖知识竞赛方法的效果好于专题讲座、专题讲座结合小折页2种方法的效果(P<0.01)。结论通过有奖知识竞赛开展健康教育是一种适合于中学生麻风病健康教育的较好方法。

Effectiveness evaluation on various methods of leprosy health education among middle school students

Objective To understand the status of knowledge,attitudes and practice about leprosy among middle school students,and to explore the effective methods of leprosy health education for them.Methods With random cluster sampling,a total of 896 middle school students were selected to receive the special course,the special course and foldouts,and knowledge contest with gifts.And the effectiveness of the intervention was evaluated.Results The awareness rates of leprosy causes among the students who received the special course,the special course and foldouts,and knowledge contest with gifts respectively were increased from 17.48%,11.41% and 21.68% before intervention to 84.62%,85.23% and 93.85% after intervention.The proportions of the participants from the three groups who thought that leprosy was not terrible were increased from 12.59%,16.11% and 23.95% before intervention to 53.15%,75.17% and 78.32% after intervention.Comparing to the special course and the special course and foldouts,the method of knowledge contest with gifts was more effective（P0.01）.Conclusion The method of knowledge contest with gifts is a better one for leprosy health education among middle school students.