后路环状融合术在治疗腰椎机械性不稳症中的应用

目的 分析总结后路环状融合术治疗腰椎机械性不稳症的手术疗效,并对该术式的优缺点、适应证和禁忌证进行探讨.方法 2001年1月至2007年1月使用后路椎弓根钉系统辅助环状融合术治疗腰椎机械性不稳症202例,选择获得1年及以上随访、仅行单节段融合术的132例患者进行分析,其中腰椎滑脱症97例,腰椎退变性不稳症35例,应用X线评价植骨融合情况,应用视觉疼痛评分(VAS)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)问卷表评价腰腿痛程度及社会和生活功能情况.结果 随访12～84个月,平均(43±23)个月,132例中125例获骨性融合,骨性融合率94.7%(125/132),下腰痛VAS术前(6.71±1.31)分,术后(3.20±1.14)分;腰腿痛VAS术前(8.33±1.78)分,术后(4.31±1.15)分.ODI术前(68.6±14.7)%,术后(13.6±1.5)%.术前、术后VAS及ODI比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 后路环状融合术是治疗腰椎机械性不稳症的一种积极的手术方式,可获得较高的融合率和良好的临床疗效.

Posterior circumferential fusion for the mechanical instability of lumbar spine

Objective To analyze and evaluate the effect of posterior circumferential fusion for treatment of the mechanical instability of lumbar spine, and discuss the relative merits,indications and contraindications in this procedure. Methods Two hundred and two patients with mechanical instability of lumbar spine treated by the posterior instrumented circumferential fusion technique from January 2001 to January 2007. One hundred and thirty-two patients were selected who were treated with only one segment fusion and followed up for at least 1 year, of them 97 patients suffered lumbar spondylolisthesis, 35 patients suffered degenerative lumbar instability. X-ray was used to evaluate the fusion condition of the bone graft, and VAS and ODI questionnaire were applied to assess the pain of back and leg,and the conventional function. Results All patients were followed up for 12-84 months, averaged (43±23) months,125 patients got bone fusion, accounted for 94.7%(125/132). The VAS of low back pain was (6.71 ± 1.31) points before operation, while (3.20 ± 1.14) points after operation (P < 0.05) ,and the VAS of leg pain was (8.33 ± 1.78) points before operation,while (4.31 ± 1.15) points after operation (P< 0.05). The ODI was (68.6 ± 14.7) % before operation, while (13.6 ± 1.5) % after operation (P < 0.05). Conclusions Posterior circumferential fusion is a positive and excellent treatment for the mechanical instability of lumbar spine. With its merits, the high fusion rate and good clinical results can be received.