IGF-1在妊娠期糖尿病胎盘组织中的表达及其对新生儿T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

目的 分析胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)胎盘组织中的表达及其对新生儿T淋巴细胞亚群的影响。方法选取本院GDM患者(研究组)和同期健康孕妇(对照组)各40例。两组孕妇均于胎儿、胎盘分娩后于胎盘中央带取材,行常规HE染色和IGF-1抗免疫组织化学染色,比较两组孕妇胎盘组织中IGF-1表达强度和分娩的新生儿T淋巴细胞亚群指标的差异,并进行相关性分析。结果研究组IGF-1表达强于对照组。IGF-1主要存在于滋养层上皮细胞胞浆和少数血管内皮细胞中。与对照组孕妇新生儿比较,研究组孕妇新生儿CD⁺₃、CD⁺₄、CD⁺₄/CD⁺₈显著较低,CD⁺₈显著较高。相关性分析结果显示孕妇胎盘组织中IGF-1表达强度与CD⁺₃、CD⁺₄、CD⁺₄/CD⁺₈呈正相关,与CD⁺₈呈负相关。结论GDM胎盘组织中的IGF-1表达水平较健康孕妇高,GDM胎盘组织中的高IGF-1表达可显著影响新生儿T淋巴细胞亚群,导致新生儿免疫功能低下。

Expression of IGF-1 in placenta tissues of gestational diabetes mellitusand its effect on T lymphocyte subsets in neonates

Objective To analyze the expression of insulin-like growth factor -1 (IGF-1) in the placenta tissues of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its effect on T lymphocyte subsets in neonates.MethodsForty patients with GDM admitted to our hospital (study group) and 40 healthy pregnant women (control group) who received antenatal care were enrolled in this study.After delivery of fetus and placenta,tissues were collected from central placenta.The routine HE staining and IGF-1 immunohistochemical staining were performed.The expression intensity of IGF-1 and T lymphocyte subsets in neonates were compared.ResultsThe expression intensity of IGF-1 was more higher than the control group.IGF-1 mainly existed in the trophoblast epithelial cell cytoplasm and few vascular endothelial cells.Compared with the neonates born by women in the control group,CD⁺₃,CD⁺₄ and CD⁺₄/CD⁺₈ were significantly lower and CD⁺₈ was significantly higher in neonates born by women in the study group,and there were significant differences in T lymphocyte subsets between the two groups.Correlation analysis showed that the expression intensity of IGF-1 in placenta tissues of pregnant women was positively correlated with CD⁺₃,CD⁺₄ and CD⁺₄/CD⁺₈,and negatively correlated with CD⁺₈.ConclusionThe expression level of IGF-1 in placenta tissues of GDM is higher than that in healthy pregnant women,and the high expression of IGF-1 in the placenta tissues of GDM can significantly affect the T lymphocyte subsets in neonates,which leads to the decrease of immune function in neonates.