噪声暴露工人畸变产物耳声发射和扩展高频测听的研究

目的 :分析畸变产物耳声发射 (DPOAE)和常频纯音测听、扩展高频测听的关系 ,借以探讨DPOAE的产生机制以及在噪声性听力损伤的监测和早期诊断中的应用价值。方法 :对 4 2例耳科正常人 (对照组 )和 2 0例噪声暴露工人 (实验组 )进行 0 .5～ 16 .0kHzDPOAE、常频纯音测听及扩展高频测听的检测 ,比较对照组和实验组DPOAE和常频纯音测听、扩展高频测听的结果。结果 :实验组纯音听阈在 6 .0kHz处和扩展高频区下降明显 ,与对照组比较 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;DPOAE幅值在 4 .0、6 .0和 11.2kHz处下降明显 ,与对照组比较 ,差异均有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而在 12 .5、14 .0、16 .0kHz 3个频率处两组差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :常频DPOAE检查可用于噪声性聋的早期诊断和监测。DPOAE可能来源于对应频率区及较高频率区耳蜗外毛细胞 ,其产生部位和机制尚待深入研究

Study on distortion product otoacoustic emissions and expanded high frequency audiometry in noise exposure workers

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the relationship of distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE), conventional pure tone audiometry and expanded high frequency audiometry, and discuss the originated mechanism of DPOAE and value in early diagnosis and detection noise-induced deafness. METHOD: DPOAE, conventional pure tone audiometry and expanded high frequency audiometry were performed in 42 young adults with normal hearing of control group and 20 noise exposure workers of test group. DPOAE amplitudes, conventional pure tone hearing thresholds and expanded high frequency hearing thresholds were compared. RESULT: In noise exposure workers against young adults with normal hearing, the pure tone hearing thresholds at 6.0 kHz and expanded high frequency area declined significantly(P < 0.05), DPOAE amplitudes at frequency from 4.0 to 6.0 kHz and 11.2 kHz declined significantly too(P < 0.05), but there existed no significantly difference at frequency from 12.5 to 16.0 kHz between the two groups(P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: DPOAE is potential implement to early diagnose and detect noise-induced deafness. It seems likely that the origination of DPOAE not limited to the outer hair cell in corresponding cochlear area. The originated area and mechanism of DPOAE should be solved by further studies.