抗击新型冠状病毒感染肺炎的护士心理弹性及影响因素研究

目的:了解杭州市西溪医院抗击新型冠状病毒感染肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)的护士心理弹性情况,分析心理弹性的影响因素。方法:采用便利抽样法,于2020年2月4—5日采用一般资料问卷、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)及一般自我效能感量表(GSES)对杭州市西溪医院193名抗击新冠肺炎的护士进行调查,采用Pearson相关分析和多重线性回归分析心理弹性的影响因素。结果:193名护士心理弹性总分为(62.60±13.70)分,乐观、自强与坚韧3个维度的得分分别为(9.59±2.37)、(21.62±4.68)和(31.40±7.74)分。一般自我效能感量表总分为(28.33±3.55)分。单因素分析结果显示,不同性别、是否有参与公卫突发事件应对经历、自觉准备程度以及完成任务的信心在CD-RISC总分及坚韧维度上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,心理弹性与一般自我效能呈正相关(r=0.474,P<0.01)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,自觉准备程度、完成任务的信心、一般自我效能感是抗击新型肺炎护理人员心理弹性的影响因素,共解释总变异的27.6%。结论:抗击新冠肺炎护士心理弹性水平较低,有待提高。建议重点关注此类高危人群,给予其积极、有效的心理干预,以提高抗击新冠肺炎护士心理弹性水平。

Resilience of nurses against COVID-19 and its influencing factors

Objective To explore the resilience of nurses against COVID-19 in Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods From February 4th to 5th 2020,this study investigated 193 nurses against COVID-19 at Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou selected by convenience sampling with the general questionnaire,Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)and the General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES).Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of resilience.Results Among 193 nurses,the total score of resilience was(62.60±13.70);the scores of three dimensions,optimism,self-reliance and tenacity were(9.59±2.37),(21.62±4.68)and(31.40±7.74)respectively.The total score of GSES was(28.33±3.55).Simple correlation showed that there were statistical differences in the total score of CD-RISC and dimension score of tenacity among nurses with different genders,experience of participating in emergent public health events,self-conscious readiness degree and confidence in fulfilling the task(P<0.05).Pearson correlation showed that resilience had a positive correlation with the general self-efficacy with a statistical difference(r=0.474,P<0.01).Multiple regression analysis demonstrated the influencing factors of nurses against COVID-19 were the self-conscious readiness degree,confidence in fulfilling the task and the general self-efficacy which totally explained 27.6%of the variance.Conclusions Nurses against COVID-19 have the low level of the resilience which needs to be improved.We should pay more attention to the high-risk population,and provide a positively and effectively psychological intervention to improve the resilience of nurses against COVID-19.