职场正念在护士工作绩效与职场暴力经历中的中介作用

目的评估护理职场暴力经历、工作绩效现状,分析职场正念在护士工作绩效与职场暴力经历中的中介效应。方法采用便利抽样法,于2016年3—5月采用医疗职场暴力问卷、工作绩效量表和职场正念量表对我国8个省份776名护士遭遇的职场暴力、工作绩效以及职场正念进行调查,采用相关性分析以及中介效应分析方法评价三者关系以及职场正念的中介作用。结果共收集776份问卷,有效问卷696份。696名护士医疗职场暴力问卷得分为(1.21±0.78)分,职场正念量表得分为(4.74±0.63)分,工作绩效量表得分为(3.77±0.96)分。Pearson相关分析显示,护士工作绩效与职场正念呈正相关(r=0.235,P<0.01);护理职场暴力与工作绩效(r=-0.098,P<0.05)、职场正念与职场暴力(r=-0.217,P<0.01)呈负相关。职场暴力对工作绩效的总效应为(β=-0.1306,P<0.01),职场正念在两者关系之间扮演中介角色,中介效应为-0.0675。结论在职场中经历的患者及家属暴力会破坏护士的职业沉浸度、警觉以及组织接纳水平,从而制约了护理工作绩效发挥,故增加护士在预防暴力方面的培训以及应对暴力的干预具有重要意义。

Mediating effects of workplace mindfulness in nurses'performance and workplace violence

Objective To evaluate the status of nursing workplace violence experience and work performance,and analyze the mediating effects of workplace mindfulness between nurses'performance and workplace violence experience.Methods The convenience sampling method was used.From March to May 2016,the Workplace Violence Questionnaire,Job Performance Scale,and Workplace Mindfulness Scale were used to investigate workplace violence,work performance,and workplace mindfulness encountered by 776 nurses in eight provinces of China.Correlation analysis and mediation effect analysis methods are used to analyze the relationship between the three,and the mediating effects of workplace mindfulness.Results A total of 776 questionnaires were collected and 696 valid questionnaires.The Workplace Violence Questionnaire Score of 696 nurses was(1.21±0.78),the score of Workplace Mindfulness Scale was(4.74±0.63),and the score of Job Performance Scale was(3.77±0.96).Pearson correlation analysis showed that nurses'work performance was positively correlated with workplace mindfulness(r=0.235,P<0.01);nursing workplace violence was associated with work performance(r=-0.098,P<0.05),and workplace mindfulness(r=-0.217,P<0.01)was negatively correlated with nursing workplace violence.The total effect of workplace violence on job performance was(β=-0.1306,P<0.01).Workplace mindfulness played a mediating role between the two,and the mediating effect was-0.0675.Conclusions Violence experienced by patients and their families in the workplace can undermine nurses'professional immersion,alertness,and organizational acceptance levels,thereby restricting the performance of nursing work.Increasing the training of nurses in the prevention of violence and interventions in response to violence are of great significance.