河北省成年居民高血压患病状况及相关危险因素分析

目的了解河北省居民高血压患病状况，探讨相关危险因素。方法于2004年10月采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法．调查河北省成年居民4200名。利用2004年全国成人慢性病相关危险因素监测调查表进行问卷调查和体格检查。并进行高血压相关因素的单因素x^2检验和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果被调查的4200名18-69岁居民中，高血压患者1663人，患病率39．6％，标化率28．5％。单因素分析显示：患病率男性高于女性，农村高于城市，随年龄增加有升高趋势；并与文化程度、婚姻状况、职业、经济收入、吸烟、被动吸烟、体力活动、饮食习惯、体质指数、中心性肥胖、血脂水平、糖尿病、自我感觉健康状况有关。多因素Logitic回归分析显示：城市、女性、高中及以上文化、干农活和少吃咸菜是高血压的保护性因素，OR（95％C1）分别为0．777（0．644—0．937），0．674（0．551-0．823），0．654（0．534-0．801），0．826（0．684—0．997），0．844（0．729—0．977）：年龄≥35岁、不常吃蔬菜、自我感觉健康状况较差、血清总胆固醇异常、甘油三酯异常、超重或肥胖和中心性肥胖是高血压的危险因素，OR（95％CI）分别为4．145（3．263—5．266），4．460（1．049—18．969），1．234（1．068—1．425），1．400（1．200—1．634），1．420（1．074—1．878），1．478（1．235-1．768），1．728（1．448-2．061）。结论河北省成年居民高血压患病率较高，其发病与多种因素有关，应加强高血压综合防治。

The Investigation of Risk Factors of Hypertension among Adult Residents in Hebei Province

Objective To understand hypertension risk factors among adult residents in Hebei province. Methods The adult residents were selected by multistage stratified sampling, and investigated with the same questionnaires, body measurement, blood pressure measurement, blood sample analysis, to analyze risk factors of hypertension by x^2 with simple factor and by logistic regression with mult-factors. Results The prevalence of hypertension in 4200 adult residents （18-69 ages） was 39.6% and age-adjusted rate was 28.5%. The single factors analysis indicated that the prevalence of hypertension was higher in men than in women, in countryside than in city, and increased with age rising. Its prevalence is correlated with education level, marriage status, occupation, income, smoking, passive smoking, manual activity, eating habits, BMI, waist, diabetes, blood fat, status of spirit and health. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that city, female, educational level of senior high school and above that, farm working, eating less brined vegetables is protective factors for hypertension, and their OR （95%CI） were 0.777 （0.644-0.937）, 0.674（0.551-0.823）, 0.654（0.534-0.801）, 0.826（0.684-0.997）, 0.844（0.729-0.977） respectively, and more than 35 ages, not usually eating vegetable, bad status of health by self-sensations, high serum TC and TG, overweight and obesity were the main risk factors for hypertension, and their OR（95%CI） were 4.145（3.263-5.266）, 4.460（1.049-18.969）, 1.234（1.068-1.425）, 1.400（1.200-1.634）, 1.420（1.074-1.878）, 1.478 （1.235-1.768）, 1.728 （1.448-2.061） respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in adult residents in Hebei province was correlated with multi-factors, so complicated prevention and control in hypertension should be reinforced.