采用明胶海绵置入法建立大鼠皮肤切口瘢痕模型的实验研究

目的 采用明胶海绵置入皮肤切除型切口的方法增加大鼠皮肤切口的瘢痕宽度.方法 在SD大鼠背部右侧作皮肤全层切除型切口,置入特定规格的无菌明胶海绵,左侧作同等长度线性切口后用镊子夹闭;对照组1的两侧均作切除型切口,伤口内均置入明胶海绵;对照组2两侧也均作切除型切口,但仅在一侧置入明胶海绵.于术后不同时段取材进行各项检测.结果 置入明胶海绵后,伤口或瘢痕宽度为对照侧的4～11倍(P＜0.01),伤口上皮化延迟.对照组1的两侧伤口或瘢痕宽度无差别,同一伤口或瘢痕不同部位宽度一致.对照组2未加明胶海绵侧伤口收缩呈不规则状而非线性.结论 采用明胶海绵置入的方法可以稳定增加大鼠皮肤伤口愈合后的瘢痕宽度,从而为皮肤瘢痕研究提供一种新的动物模型.

The experimental study of creating a new rat scarring model by inserting absorbable gelatin sponge into rats' excisional wounds

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possibility of creating a rat new scar model by inserting gelatin sponge into rat excisional wounds. METHODS: Two full-thickness wounds were created in each of total 49 SD rats. In the Experimental group (n = 19), a regular incisional wound (1 cm) was created on the left side, and an excisional wound of 1.0 cm x 0.2 cm was created on the right side with a gelatin sponge inserted. In control 1 group (n = 15), an excisional wound with sponge insertion was created on both sides of rats. In control 2 group (n = 15), two excisional wounds were created on both sides, and only one side wounds were inserted with a sponge. Animals were sacrificed at various time points for different examinations. RESULTS: The wound/scar width increased 4 - 11 times in inserted wounds than in regular incisional wounds (P < 0.01), with an obvious delay of epithelialization. No difference in wound/scar width was found in both sides of wounds of control 1 group at various locations. In contrast to the linear scar of sponge-inserted wounds, contracted and irregular scar was found in non-inserted wounds of control 2 group. CONCLUSIONS: Gelatin sponge insertion can create a thick linear scar in rat wounds, and thus provides a new model for scar research.