139例O型孕妇外周血DNA检测胎儿血型准确度分析

目的探讨利用PCR-RFLP技术建立从O型孕妇外周血中提取DNA检测胎儿血型的实验方法的准确性。方法胎儿出生前提取139例丈夫为非O型的O型孕妇外周血DNA,根据ABO基因特点设计PCR引物,扩增目的片段,用KpnⅠ、AluⅠ限制性内切酶对PCR产物进行酶切分析,以确定胎儿的ABO血型。胎儿出生后用脐带血进行血清学血型检测,对比新生儿出生前后血型检测的符合率。结果 139例新生儿出生前后血型检测符合率为94.24%(131/139)。孕中期血型检测符合率为91.95%(80/87),孕晚期的血型检测符合率为98.08%(51/52)。结论利用O型孕妇外周血DNA对胎儿的ABO血型进行产前诊断是一条可行的无创性检测途径,检测结果准确度高,对于母胎血型不合引起的新生儿溶血病的预防可提供有价值的诊断依据。

Evaluation of the Method for Fetus Blood Grouping Through the Analysis of Peripheral Blood DNA of 139 O Group Pregnant Women

Objective To evaluate the method of blood grouping of the fetus through the analysis of peripheral blood DNA of O group pregnant women by PCR-RFLP.Methods DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 139 O group pregnant women whose husbands were none-O group.Specific primers based on ABO genotype were designed and the target sequences were amplified successfully by PCR.The blood group of the fetus was determined by restriction analysis of the PCR products with Kpn Ⅰ and Alu Ⅰ respectively and this method was compared with the blood grouping method of newborn by serological test.Results The compliance rate of before-birth test to after birth test was 94.24%(131/139),and second trimester test to after-birth test was 91.95%(80/87) and third trimester test to after-birth test was 98.08%(51/52).Conclusion Prenatal determination of fetus blood group through the analysis of peripheral blood DNA of O group pregnant women is feasible because it is noninvasive and accurate enough,which will support for the prevention of neonatal hemolytic disease caused by the incompatibility of pregnant women and infants.