甲状腺乳头状腺癌侵犯气管的治疗与预后

目的探讨甲状腺乳头状腺癌（papillary thyroid carcinoma，PTC）侵犯气管的治疗方式及其预后。方法回顾性分析1980-1995年间45例PTC侵犯气管患者的临床资料。根据肿瘤侵犯气管的范围和程度不同分为气管局限性受侵组（A组）行肿瘤切除术28例，肿瘤侵及气管腔内组（B组）行根治性切除术10例和肿瘤区域广泛受侵组（C组）行姑息性切除术7例。39例行颈淋巴清扫术。术后切缘病理检查有肿瘤细胞或术中肉眼观察肿瘤切除不干净的部分患者给予术后放疗，共17例。Kaplan-Meier法计算累积生存率，组问差异采用Log．Rank法检验。结果①A组5年和10年生存率分别为85．0％和62．6％。7例术后放疗，21例术后未放疗。术后放疗与术后未放疗比较，5年和10年生存率比较差异均无统计学意义（P值均〉0．05）。②B组5年和10年生存率分别为80．0％和58．3％。术后放疗6例，未放疗4例。术后放疗与否，5年和10年生存率比较差异均无统计学意义（P值均〉0．05）。③C组5年和10年生存率分别为42．9％和28．6％。4例术后放疗患者，5年和10年生存率分别为50．0％和50．0％。3例术后未放疗患者，5年生存率为33．3％，无10年生存。术后放疗与否，其5年和10年生存率比较差异均无统计学意义（P值均〉0．05）。结论PTC气管受侵尚未侵及腔内黏膜层者可采用肿瘤切除术得以根治，穿透气管腔内黏膜层者行肿瘤根治性切除可延长患者的生存。术后放疗有可能提高姑息性切除患者的生存率。

Treatment and prognosis of tracheal invasion by papillary thyroid carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: To explore the treatment and prognosis on patients with tracheal invasion by papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS: Forty-five patients treated for PTC with tracheal invasion between 1980 and 1995 were retrospectively analyzed. The different kinds of surgical modalities were performed according to the extent and degree of tracheal invasion by PTC. Neck dissect was performed in 39 patients. External beam radiotherapy was used postoperatively in patients with gross residual tumor or microscopic residual tumor in pathologic margins after resection. Surrvival was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: (1) Twenty-eight patients with limited tracheal invasion were treated with shave excision, the 5- and 10-year survival rates were 85.0% and 62.6%, respectively. After a shave excision, the differences of 5- and 10-year survival rates between irradiated and nonirradiated patients were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). (2) Ten patients were radical excision for intraluminal involvement extending through the tracheal cartilage, including circumferential sleeve resection (4 cases), tracheal window resection (5 cases) and total laryngectomy (1 case), the survival rate was 80.0% for five years and 58.3% for ten years. After a radical excision, the differences of 5- and 10-year survival rates between irradiated and nonirradiated patients were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). (3) For 7 patients performing the palliative operation, the 5-and 10-year survival rates were 42.9% and 28.6%, respectively. For 4 patients received postoperative radiotherapy, the 5-and 10-year survival rates were 50.0% and 50.0%, respectively. Three patients didn't received postoperative radiotherapy, the 5-year survival rate was 33.3%, no patient survived for ten years. In these patients of incomplete resection, the differences of 5-and 10-year survival rates between irradiated and nonirradiated patients were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: PTC with limited involvement of the trachea could be treated successfully by shaving tumor off the tracheal cartilage. Intraluminal involvement extending through the tracheal cartilage could be resected radically in patients with PTC. Postoperative radiotherapy could improve the survival of the patients with PTC with tracheal invasion who have been performed incomplete resection.