甜菜碱对酒精性肝损伤大鼠高同型半胱氨酸血症和肝脂质过氧化的影响

目的：观察甜菜碱对大鼠高同型半胱氨酸血症（hyperhomoeysteinemia，HHcy）和肝脏脂质过氧化的作用和影响。方法：将60只SD大鼠随机分为5组（每组12只）：正常对照组，模型组，甜菜碱低、高剂量组，腺苷蛋氨酸（S-adenosylmethionine，SAM）组。除对照组外，其余4组给予酒精、鱼油灌胃配合高脂饮食构建酒精性肝损伤大鼠模型，药物治疗于造模4周后开始，第8周处死全部大鼠，测定血浆总同型半胱氨酸（total plasma homoeysteine，tHcy）浓度、血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、白蛋白（Alb）、白／球蛋白比值（A／G）、肝匀浆丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量，并进行肝脏病理组织学检查。结果：与对照组比较，模型组大鼠tHcy、ALT、AST、MDA含量均明显升高（P〈0．01），SOD、GSH水平明显降低（P〈0．01）。与模型组对比，甜菜碱低、高剂量组大鼠tHcy、ALT、AST、MDA均显著降低（P〈0．01），肝组织SOD含量明显上升（P〈0．01），GSH含量无显著变化（P〉0．05），甜菜碱低、高剂量组之间无明显差异（P〉0．05）；SAM组能显著增加肝组织GSH贮量（P〈0．01），但对血浆tHcy水平无显著影响（P〉0．05），余治疗作用均与甜菜碱治疗无显著差别（P〉0．05）。结论：甜菜碱可防治酒精性肝损伤，其机制可能为降低高同型半胱氨酸血症，改善肝组织脂质过氧化。本文结果显示，甜菜碱的作用优于腺苷蛋氨酸。

Effects of Betaine on hyperhomocysteinemia and lipid peroxidation rats with ethanol-induced liver injury

Objective:To study the effects of betaine on heperhomocysteinemia and liver lipid peroxidation in ethanol-induced liver injury in rats.Methods:Female SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups as control,model,low dose betaine,high dose betaine and S-adenosylmethionine(SAM) groups.Except control group,all rats were fed high fat-containing diet plus ethanol and fish oil gavage for 8 weeks.Betaine and SAM were administration after 4 weeks exposure of ethanol.Plasma total homocysteine(tHcy),serum aminotransferase activity(ALT,AST),albumin(Alb),globulin(Glb),liver malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxidezed dismutase(SOD) and glutathione(GSH) were assayed. Liver histology was also examined.Results:Compared with control group,model group rats developed markedly liver damage,accompanied by an increase of tHcy,ALT,AST,Alb and MDA levels,and decrease of SOD and GSH levels(P<0.01).Compared with model group,betaine treatment resulted in significant decreases in tHcy,ALT,AST,MDA(P<0.01),but enhanced liver SOD levels(P<0.01).Betaine also improved liver steatosis,but Liver GSH level was not fortified(P>0.05),there was no difference in the above parameters between the two betaine treatment groups(P>0.05).In SAM group,Liver GSH level were significant enhanced(P<0.05),but tHcy levels were not affected(P>0.05),other effects were similar to betaine treatment.Conclusion:Betaine prevents ethanol-induced liver injury in rats by reducing tHcy levels and liver lipid peroxidation,and its effect is somewhat superior to SAM.