湖北省荆州市沙市区中小学生近视现况调查及影响因素分析

目的:调查2017年荆州市沙市中心区和城乡区中小学生近视患病率及影响近视发生的因素,为近视防控提供科学依据。方法:采用整群分层抽样方法,选择沙市中心城区和城乡结合区学校7~18岁中小学生10353名,近视人数5456人,患病率52.70%。采用问卷调查的方式收集现场调查问卷共计10353份,进行相关因素Logistic回归分析。结果:本次调查研究对象为沙市中心城区的8所中小学和城乡结合区6所中小学,沙市中心城区的近视患病率为60.34%,城乡结合区的近视患病率为11.43%(P<0.01)。户外活动和正确的读写姿势是近视的保护因素,而年龄、使用电子产品时间、课外连续作业时间是近视的危险因素。结论:荆州市沙市区的中小学生的近视率已处在较高的水平,尤其是中心城区中小学生的近视率,学校、家庭应共同努力,增加青少年户外活动时间,改善青少年用眼环境,预防及减缓青少年近视的发生发展。

Investigation of myopia and influencing factors in primary and secondary school students in Shashi district, Jingzhou city, Hubei Province

AIM: To investigate the prevalence of myopia and its impacting factors among adolescents in schools of Shashi district, Jingzhou city in 2017, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of myopia.

METHODS: Totally 10 353 primary and secondary school students aged 7 to 18 were selected through the method of cluster stratified sampling in the central area and rural-urban area of Shashi. The number of students with myopia was 5 456, and the prevalence rate was 52.70%. A total of 10 353 on-site questionnaires were collected. Logistic regression analysis was conducted for related factors.

RESULTS: The subjects of this survey were 8 primary and secondary schools in the central area and 6 primary and secondary schools in suburban area. The prevalence of myopia was 60.34% in the central area and 11.43% in rural-urban area(P<0.01). Outdoor activities and correct reading and writing gesture are preventive factors for myopia. Three risk factors for myopia include age, time spent on electronic devices and continuous working hours after class.

CONCLUSION: The myopia rate of primary and secondary school students in Shashi district of Jingzhou city is at a high level, especially in the downtown area. To prevent and reduce the occurrence of adolescent myopia, schools and families should make joint efforts to increase time of outdoor activities, and improve the eye environment for adolescent.