亲体小肠移植供肠获取与修整技术

目的探讨亲体小肠移植中供体小肠的获取和修整技术。方法根据亲体小肠移植供体的标准在父母中筛选合适供体,设计手术方案。选择回肠作为移植肠袢,采用保留回盲瓣及远端20cm回肠给供体,获取回肠120cm,总结手术中测量肠管长度的方法;综合采用透光、触摸法判断肠系膜上动脉分支,暂时阻断血流判断供肠和残留肠管血运;总结获取移植肠管中供体血管的选择和处理方法。结果供、受体手术顺利,移植肠袢功能良好。供体除短期轻度腹泻外,无肠系膜血栓、肠瘘等并发症。供体术后14d完全康复出院,随访8个月,无排便习惯改变;体重维持术前水平;食欲良好,无饮食习惯和进食量改变;未出现生活、工作习惯改变或心理改变。结论选择回肠作为移植肠袢,保留回盲瓣及远端20cm回肠给供体是理想的供肠获取方法,标准细致的操作方法对供体造成的近期和远期风险较小,并为获得优良的移植效果奠定基础。

Techniques for Procurement and Back-Table Surgery of Graft in Living-Related Small Bowel Transplantation

Objective To analyze the surgical techniques for the procurement and back-table surgery of the graft in living-related small bowel transplantation. Methods Eligible donor was chosen according to the donor selection criteria of living-related small bowel transplantation, and preoperative plan was designed. A segment of ileum of 120 cm was procured 20 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve which was preserved in the donor. The techniques for the procurement and back-table surgery of the graft were summarized, which included measurement of entire small bowel length from Treitz to ileocecal valve, palpation and transillumination to identify the distal branch of the superior mesenteric artery, and transient blockage of isolated blood vessels with vascular clamps in order to observe the influence on the blood circulation of graft and residual ileum. The detailed manipulation techniques in processing the graft blood vessels were discussed. Results The operations were successful both on the donor and the recipient. The functions of implanted segment of bowel were well. The donor had no other complications, such as mesenteric thrombi and anastomosis leakage of intestine, except for transient moderate diarrhea. She was discharged 14 days after operation. In the next 8 months of following-up, the donor has not experienced significant alteration in bowel habits or weight loss. Now she is in good appetite, without any changes in the habit and amount on diet. No changes have been found in lifestyle, work habits, or psychosocial conditions after the small bowel donation. Conclusion The procurement of a segment of ileum as graft and preservation of 20 cm proximal to the donor ileocecal valve may be ideal protocol. Using a standardized technique with attention presents little recent or long-term risks for the donor and brings satisfied effect for the recipient.