海洛因依赖者心理健康及其影响因素研究

目的:探讨海洛因依赖者的心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、社会支持量表(SSQ)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)和艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)对戒毒所收治的100例海洛因依赖者进行问卷调查和访谈,并与正常组对照。结果:(1)海洛因依赖者SCL-90各因子评分均显著高于对照组;(2)海洛因依赖者男性组SCL-90大多数项目评分显著高于女性组;(3)海洛因依赖者的消极应对方式评分、个性的精神病质、内外向、神经质、掩饰性维度与SCL-90各项评分相关显著;(4)多元回归结果表明:个性的精神病质、内外向、神经质维度是影响海洛因依赖者心理健康的主要因素。结论:海洛因依赖者的心理健康状况较差,对其进行心理干预,保持情绪稳定,减少精神病质、内向性和消极的应对行为,是提高其心理健康水平的重要途径。

MENTAL HEALTH AND ITS RELATED FACTORS OF HEROIN ADDICTS

Objective:To investigate the status of the mental health and its related factors of heroin addicts. Methods:One hundred heroin addicts in treatment were assessed with the Symptom Check List 90 (SCL-90),Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ),Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ),and the results were compared with normal controls'. Results:(1) Every factor' score of SCL-90 in heroin addicts was higher than that of controls'; (2) The scores of most SCL-90 factors in male heroin addicts were higher than those in the female heroin addicts; (3)The score of SCL-90 in heroin addicts was significantly correlated with that of psychoticism,introversion-extroversion, neuroticism,and lie; (4)The result from multiple regression showed that psychoticism, introversion-extroversion,and neuroticism were main factors influencing the mental health of heroin addicts. Conclusion: The mental health status of heroin addicts is poor,which can be improved by keeping stable emotion,reducing psychoticism,introversion and negative coping behaviors.