脱蛋白松质骨作为异种骨移植材料的修复作用

背景：采用脱蛋白处理后的松质骨可见大小不等、相互交通、开放孔隙的网架结构，其无机成分为羟基磷灰石，有机成分为胶原,力学性能保存良好，有良好的细胞相容性，可能是一种新型骨移植材料。 目的：介绍异种脱蛋白松质骨作为骨组织工程载体的性能，以及其用于骨融合的作用。 方法：分别以“异种脱蛋白松质骨、骨融合、载体”，为检索词，应用计算机检索重庆维普(VIP)期刊全文数据库及Pubmed 数据库1998-01/2009-12有关文章，排除与研究目的无关和内容重复者，保留33篇文献做进一步分析。 结果与结论：动物骨均有相似的生物材料结构和造型，较人工合成材料骨具有极好的细胞贴附性和细胞生长增殖环境。但由于异种骨移植时种属间的抗原差异，存在剧烈的免疫排斥反应，骨组织兼容性差，关键问题是植入体内免疫问题。如能克服免疫原性，异种脱蛋白松质骨是一种良好的组织工程骨载体材料，可为再血管化和成骨细胞的分化提供一个稳定的环境。

Repair effect of deproteinised cancellous bone as xenogeneic bone graft material

BACKGROUND: Unequal size, mutual communication, and open pore network structure can be seen in cancellous bone treated with deproteinization. Its inorganic component is hydroxyapatite, and the organic component is collagen, which has a good mechanical property and biocompatibility. It may be a new type of bone graft material. OBJECTIVE: To study the properties of xenogeneic deproteinised cancellous bone being carrier of bone tissue engineering in bone fusion. METHODS: Taking “xenogeneic deproteinised cancellous bone, bone fusion, carrier” in Chinese as search terms, the articles from January 1998 to December 2009 in VIP database, CNKI database, Pubmed database were retrieved by computer. The relevant literatures were included, the literature of irrelevant purpose and repetitive content were excluded, and 33 of them were involved for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with synthetic bone material, animal bones have similar biomaterial structure, modeling, excellent cell attachment, and cell growth and proliferation environment. However, the compatibility of bone tissue is poor, because of the differences in species when xenogeneic deproteinised cancellous bone transplantation, and gravis immune rejection, the key question is implantation of immune problems. How to overcome immunogenicity, xenogeneic deproteinised cancellous bone is a good carrier of bone tissue engineering, which can provide a stable environment for revascularization and differentiation of osteoblasts.