不同口腔种植材料的应用及安全性评价

背景：目前临床应用的牙种植体材料种类繁多,各有其优缺点,哪种材料更具临床应用价值及良好的生物相容性呢？ 目的：综述不同口腔种植材料的研究进展,评价其种植后与宿主的相容性及临床应用前景。方法：应用计算机检索CNKI和PubMed数据库中2000-01/2011-03关于口腔种植材料应用的文章,在标题和摘要中以“口腔种植体;牙种植体;合金;陶瓷;高分子材料;复合材料”或“dental implant;polymer alloy composite material;ceramic/aluminum alloy”为检索词进行检索。选择内容与不同口腔种植材料的应用特点及安全性相关文章。初检得到126篇文献,根据纳入标准选择30篇文章进行综述。 结果与结论：合金、陶瓷、高分子、复合材料及纳米材料在口腔种植方面发挥了重要作用。理想口腔植入材料的选择,需要对其生物相容性、生物力学性能、生物学形态、与周围组织的结合能力等各方面综合考虑,对细胞、组织等应无毒性、无刺激性、无致畸致突变性,同时与骨组织之间应形成骨性结合,具有良好的骨引导或骨诱导作用。

Application and safety evaluation of different dental implant materials

BACKGROUND:Currently, clinical dental implant materials are various with their own advantages and disadvantages, which one is better in clinical application and has good biocompatibility?OBJECTIVE:To review the progress of different dental implant materials and to evaluate the compatibility of dental implants with the host as well as their clinical prospect. METHODS:CNKI and PubMed (2000-01/2011-03) were retrieved for articles addressing application of dental implant materials using the keywords of “dental implant; polymer alloy composite material; ceramic/aluminum alloy” in English and “dental implant; tooth implant; alloy; ceramic; polymer material; composite material” in Chinese. Articles about application characteristics of different dental implant materials and their safety were retrieved and 126 articles were found. According to the inclusive criteria, 30 articles were included in result analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Alloys, ceramics, polymer materials, composite materials and nanomaterials play an important role in dental implants. The standards for ideal dental implant materials cover various aspects, including biocompatibility, biomechanics, biological morphology, ability to integrate surrounding tissues as well as non-toxicity, non-irritating, non-mutagenicity, and non-teratogenicity to cells and tissues. Good bone conduction and induction abilities are also the properties of ideal dental implant materials.