组织工程方法修复先天性小耳畸形：支架材料及耳模板和皮肤覆盖

背景：先天性小耳畸形是一种较为严重的生理畸形,不但影响患者容貌美观,而且给患者及其家属带来沉重的心理负担,目前较好的治疗方法是耳再造。 目的：研究近年来先天性小耳畸形耳再造术的改进及发展,为临床提供更好的经验及研究方向。 方法：应用计算机检索CNKI和PubMed数据库中1990-01/2010-12关于先天性小耳畸形耳再造的文章,在标题和摘要中以“先天性小耳畸形;耳再造;耳支架”或“microtia ; auricular reconstruction; auricular framework ”为检索词进行检索。选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志的与先天性小耳畸形耳再造相关的文章,根据纳入标准选择30篇文章进行综述。 结果与结论：目前无论哪种材料的支架,都各有利弊,难以在外观与质地上达到与正常耳相近的完美效果。寻求理想的耳支架材料,仍然是耳郭再造中深入研究的课题,利用组织工程的科学方法,种植软骨细胞长出令人满意的、个性化的人耳是未来全耳再造理想的方法和发展趋势。理想的耳再造既能提供完美逼真的外形又能有部分听力功能的改善,是先天性小耳畸形治疗的最终目标。

Tissue engineering methods to repair congenital microtia: Scaffolds,templates and skin coverage

BACKGROUND:Microtia is a relatively serious physical deformity, not only influences patients’ appearance, but also brings heavy psychometrics burden to patients and their families. Now, the better treatments are auricular reconstruction. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progresses on improvement and development of auricular reconstruction in recent years, providing better experience and research direction for clinical treatment. METHODS:A computer online search was performed to find papers published between January 1990 and December 2010 in databases of CNKI and PubMed. The keywords in the title and abstract were “microtia; auricular reconstruction; auricular framework” in Chinese and English. Related articles published recently or published in authoritative magazines were preferred. According to the inclusion criteria, 30 articles were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Auricular reconstruction is one of the most difficult and most challenging plastic surgery in plastic surgery field, one of the most important methods of treatment to improve the patient appearance, adjust psychology, restore confidence and improve the quality of life of the patients. Through realizing the improvement and progress of the latest auricular reconstruction, looking for more suitable as auricle cartilaginous framework material is still one of the ear urgent problems. The ideal auricular reconstruction to provide perfect lifelike appearance and improve hearing function is the ultimate goal of microtia treatment.