自噬对骨骼肌体积维持的研究现状

背景：骨骼肌体积的维持无论在疾病防治还是个体机能维持和发展方面都具有关键作用。研究自噬通路的调节作用对骨骼肌蛋白的影响,可为肌体积的维持打开了新的思路。目的：探讨骨骼肌中自噬系统传导通路在肌肉蛋白的分解代谢过程中的利弊。方法：用计算机检索ISI Web of knowledge数据库(1970/2010)和Science Direct数据库(2000/2010),检索关键词为“autophagy,skeletal muscle,protein,muscle atrophy”,语言设定为英文。对自噬机制对骨骼肌丢失、肌肉体积维持以及在代谢中的调节作用方面进行总结,并分析自噬-溶酶体系统的研究进展。结果与结论：按纳入和排除标准对文献进行筛选,共纳入64篇文章。结果表明骨骼肌细胞自噬的活化在蛋白的破坏和肌肉萎缩过程中非常关键,过度的自噬与遍在蛋白-蛋白酶体系统相似,会对肌肉含量产生不良的影响。同时自噬系统在肌细胞稳态的维持上也发挥着重要的作用。并且骨骼肌内的自噬过程与其他代谢组织不同,存在着长期和短期两种自噬过程,由2种不同的信号通路进行控制,因而还需要对骨骼肌自噬通路分子机制进行进一步的研究。

Research progress in autophagy for mass maintenance of skeletal muscle

BACKGROUND:Mass maintenance of skeletal muscle plays essential roles in prevention and treatment of muscle disorders, debilitation and weakness. The regulation and role of autophagic pathway in protein of skeletal muscle are the research frontiers all over the world, which offer new ideas and thoughts for the further study of muscle mass maintenance.OBJECTIVE:To discuss both the advantages and disadvantages of autophagic signaling transduction pathway in metabolic remodeling of catabolism in skeletal muscle.METHODS:An online search was performed by the ISI Web of knowledge database (1970/2010) with key words “autophagy, skeletal muscle, protein, muscle atrophy” in English. The functions of autophagic signaling pathway in muscle, loss mass maintenance and metabolic remodeling were summarized, and the research progress in autophagy-lysosome systems was analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 64 papers were chosen. The activation of autophagic signaling system contributes to the damage of the myoprotein and the progress of muscle atrophy, but excessive autophagy like ubiquitin-proteasome system do have negative impacts on muscle mass. At the same time, autophagic signaling system also contributes to maintaining steady-state in muscle fibers. In addition, autophagic system in skeletal muscle is different from other metabolisms, and has two kinds of progresses, including short and long items, which are controlled by two different signaling systems. Therefore, the remodeling mechanism of autophagic signaling system needs to be further studied in the future.