组织工程软骨种子细胞的定向诱导分化

背景：软骨修复一直是骨科治疗难题和研究热点。随着组织工程学的发展,近年来应用种子细胞诱导分化为软骨细胞,构建组织工程软骨修复软骨缺损的思路倍受关注,并已取得一定成功。 目的：讨论组织工程软骨的种子细胞选择、成软骨定向诱导分化的培养条件,尤其是细胞因子、诱导方法、培养方式等因素的作用。 方法：计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库及PubMed 数据库2000-01/2010-09相关文章,检索词为“软骨形成,软骨缺损,刺激因子,软骨修复,组织工程,chondrification, cartilage defect; stimulating factor,cartilage repair,tissue engineering”。语种限定为：中文与英文。纳入与软骨形成、诱导分化、组织工程支架方面的基础和临床研究,排除内容陈旧及重复研究。计算机初检得到155篇文献,根据纳入排除标准,最终纳入41篇。 结果与结论：种子细胞在特定细胞因子作用下可定向分化为软骨细胞。通过选择合适的种子细胞及细胞因子定向诱导分化构建组织工程软骨,能够为成功治愈关节软骨缺损提供新思路。软骨定向分化因子转化生长因子β、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子、骨生成蛋白、胰岛素样生长因子、生长激素等调控诱导可通过介质添加物、基因转染、不同培养方式等几种方式促进向软骨方向转化。相信随着软骨定向诱导分化研究的深入,为临床上运用软骨组织工程学来解决关节软骨缺损修复这一难题提供了有效依据,有广泛的临床应用前景。

Directional differentiation of cartilage seed cells in tissue engineereding

BACKGROUND:Cartilage repair has been an orthopedic therapy problem and a hot research spot. With the development of tissue engineering in recent years, the idea of the application of seed cells induced into cartilage cells and the construction of tissue engineered cartilage repair of cartilage defects has received much attention, which has obtained some achievements. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the selection of seed cells of tissue engineered cartilage, culture condition of chondrogenesis directional induced differentiation, especially for the effects of cell factors, induction methods, culture condition, and other factors. METHODS:The articles in CNKI and PubMed database (2000-01/2010-09) were retrieved by computer. The index words were “chondrification, cartilage defect, stimulating  actor, cartilage repair, tissue engineering” in Chinese and in English, respectively. Literatures were limited to Chinese and English languages. The foundation and clinical research of chondrification, induced differentiation, tissue engineering scaffolds were included, outdated and repetitive researches were excluded. Totally 155 literature were obtained from the computer screen, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 41 documents of them were included finally. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Seed cells under the effect of certain cell factors can be directed to differentiate into cartilage cells. It can provide new ideas for successful treatment of articular cartilage defect by selecting appropriate seed cells and cell factors induced into cartilage tissue engineering. Directional cartilage differentiation factor transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), osteogenin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), growth hormone (GH) were control induced by medium additives, gene transfer, different training methods, and other ways to promote the transformation into cartilage. With the deep investigation addressing induced differentiation of cartilage, this research provides effective basis for the problem of articular cartilage defect repair solved by cartilage tissue engineering in clinical application, and has a wide prospect of clinical application.