医用多孔钽的性能及其在膝关节损伤中的应用

背景：随着临床上大量金属支架材料在人体的广泛应用,很多金属材料表现出一些相对不足,但是医用多孔钽金属在许多临床和科研中性能发挥稳定,逐渐成为新的骨组织工程发展方向。目的：综述多孔钽金属的结构特性、力学性能、生物特性及其在膝关节损伤中的应用情况。方法：应用计算机检索1955-12/2010-01中国期刊全文数据库和PubMed数据库,英文检索词为“porous tantalum,bone tissue project,biological material,trabecula metal”,中文检索词为“多孔钽,骨组织工程,生物材料,小梁金属”,共检索到文献81篇。结果与结论：医用多孔钽在结构特性方面具有的三维多孔结构,有利于成骨细胞黏附、分化和生长,促进骨长入;在力学性能方面多孔钽的弹性模量、抗疲劳特性、摩擦系数与正常骨组织相近;在生物特性方面多孔钽表现出良好的生物相容性、抗腐蚀性、骨诱导和再生能力;在膝关节损伤应用方面有着广阔的发展前景,但是目前医用多孔钽在国内应用较少,而且研究不够深入,这就有待于人们去更深入的研究和探索。

Properties and application of medical porous tantalum in knee joint injury

BACKGROUND:A lot of metal scaffolds have been applied in human body, some materials have shortcomings, but medical porous tantalum exhibited steady properties for clinical and scientific research, it is increasingly becoming a new development direction for bone tissue engineering.OBJECTIVE:To review the structural characteristics, mechanical properties, biological characteristics and the application of porous tantalum in knee joint injuries.METHODS: Chinese Journal Full-text and Pubmed databases from December 1955 to January 2010 were searched on computer by using “porous tantalum, bone tissue engineering, biological material, trabecula metal” in English and Chinese as the key words. Totally 81 literatures were screened out.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Structural characteristics of medical porous tantalum has a three-dimensional porous structure, which is beneficial to osteoblast cell adhesion, differentiation and growth, promoting bone ingrowth; mechanical properties of porous tantalum are close to that of normal bone tissue in the elastic modulus, fatigue resistance and friction coefficient; biological characteristics of porous tantalum showed good biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, capacities of bone induction and regeneration; it has a bright application future in knee injury treatment, but few studies report the application of medical porous tantalum in China and the study was not thorough enough, which need more in-depth study and exploration.