组织工程及缓释体系中聚乳酸类医用材料的应用

背景：聚乳酸及其共聚物是一种有良好的生物相容性和可降解性材料，由于具有较好的物理机械性能和热成型性且它的最终降解产物是H2O和CO2。因此在组织工程、药物载体缓释制剂等领域中被广泛研究和应用。 目的：尽管聚乳酸及其共聚物，已分别在组织工程支架、药物载体缓释制剂领域中被广泛研究和应用。希望通过复习相关文献，研究其同时既为支架材料，又为药物载体材料在骨结核疾病造成骨缺损临床中的应用。 方法：应用计算机检索Medline数据库(1993-01/2010-06)，及中国知网数据库。英文检索词为“Tissue engineering、 drug delivery、 sustained release degradation、 lactic acid、 glycolic acid、 bone tuberculosis”，中文检索词为“组织工程、药物载体、缓释降解、聚乳酸、聚羟基乙酸、骨结核等。 结果与结论：初检得到157篇文献，排除重复性研究，阅读标题和摘要进行初筛，保留31篇进行归纳总结。聚乳酸及其共聚物作为骨组织工程支架，有利于骨细胞生长，优于传统的骨修复材料。作为药物载体，在体内的缓释降解发挥最佳药效，能够减少药物对全身特别是肝、肾的毒副作用。但是其既作为支架材料又同时作为药物载体的研究文献不多。

Application of polylactic acid based medical materials in tissue engineering and controlled release system

BACKGROUND:Polylactic acid (PLA) and its copolymers have good biocompatibility and biodegradability, because of good physico-mechanical properties and good thermal forming properties, as well as final degradation product is H2O and CO2, PLA has been widely studied and applied in tissue engineering and drug delivery areas. OBJECTIVE:Although the PLA and its copolymers have been studied and applied in tissue engineering and drug delivery area of sustained-release preparations. This study aims to investigate the application as a scaffold and a drug carrier material in bone defects caused by bone tuberculosis through reviewing the documents. METHODS:A computer-based online search of Medline database (1993-01/2010-06) and CNKI Database was performed using the key words of “Tissue engineering, drug delivery, sustained release degradation, lactic acid, glycolic acid, bone tuberculosis” in English and in Chinese. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 157 documents were screened out. Repetitive research was excluded, after reading titles and abstracts, 31 literatures were included in analysis. PLA and its copolymers as bone tissue engineering scaffolds are conducive to the growth of osteocytes, and are superior to traditional materials of bone repair. As a drug carrier, they sustained-release degrade in vivo to play the best efficacy, can reduce the toxicity of drugs to the body especially liver and kidney. But few studies report its role as both a scaffold and a drug carrier.