枣庄市居民吸烟、饮酒状况分析

目的　分析枣庄市居民吸烟、饮酒状况 ,为进一步采取干预措施提供依据。方法　于2 0 0 3年 8～ 10月采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取枣庄市城区 2个街道办事处 6个居委会和农村 2个区 (市 ) 6个乡镇 18个行政村 18岁以上居民 ,用统一调查表进行问卷式入户调查。结果　共调查375 6人 ,其中城镇居民 14 16人 ,农村居民 2 340人 ;男性 1877人 ,女性 1879人。总吸烟率为 30 6 % ,饮酒率为 17 3% ;吸烟、饮酒率与地区、性别、年龄、职业、文化程度和婚姻状况等相关 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1) ,城镇吸烟率低于农村 ,而饮酒率则高于农村 ,男性吸烟、饮酒率均高于女性。职业特征显示干部吸烟、饮酒率最高 ;高收入者饮酒率高于其他人群 (P <0 0 1) ,吸烟率则未见和经济收入相关 ;烟龄和日吸烟量、酒龄和日饮酒量间均呈相关关系 (均R =0 872 ,P <0 0 1) ,吸烟与饮酒间也呈相关关系(R =0 5 2 ,P <0 0 1)。结论　枣庄市居民吸烟、饮酒现象比较普遍 ,今后应加强对社区居民的健康教育 ,控制烟酒量。

Alcohol drinking and tobacco use among residents in Zaozhuang, Shandong

Objective To understand the alcohol drinking and tobacco use behavior of residents in Zaozhuang. Methods Residents aged over 18 in six city communities and 18 villages were selected by stratified cluster random sampling and home surveyed by questionnaire. Results 3 756 residents ( 1 877 men and 1 879 women) were surveyed, and 1 416 from urban area and 2 340 from rural area. Overall, smoking rate was 30.6% and drinking rate was 17.3%. Drinking rate was higher in high-income group than other groups but smoking rate did not related with income. There was a significant correlation both between duration of smoking and smoking dosage and duration of drinking and drinking dosage. Conclusion Smoking rate and drinking rate were pretty high in Zaozhuang and we should develop health promotion to control and prevent alcohol and tobacco-related diseases.