济南市流动人口健康素养水平调查

目的了解济南市流动人口健康素养现状,分析流动人口健康素养的影响因素,为制定流动人口相关卫生政策法规提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,在山东省济南市抽取流动人口2065人进行健康素养水平问卷调查。结果调查对象总体健康知识知晓率为63.4%,健康行为形成率为73.6%,健康信念持有率为80.8%,健康技能掌握率为66.3%。调查对象对＂正常血压上限＂知晓率最低,为7.3% 具有体育锻炼行为的比例为36.2% 对＂只要发烧就需要用退烧药＂具有明确认识的比例为50.9%。影响流动人口健康素养的因素主要有文化程度、职业、性别和外出打工时间。结论济南市流动人口的健康素养水平较低,健康知识掌握不平衡,定期体检的人数较少,应有针对性地加强流动人口的健康教育,提高他们预防疾病的能力。

Investigation on health literacy among floating population in Jinan City

Objective To investigate the health literacy level of floating population, and to find the influencing factors of health literacy in order to provide the evidence for making related health policies. Methods A survey about health literacy was conducted among 2065 floating persons selected by cluster sampling in Jinan City. Results Among the participants, the awareness rate of health knowledge, the forming rate of health behavior, the holding rate of health belief, and the mastering rate of health skill were 63.4%, 73.6%, 80. 8%, and 66. 3%, respectively. The awareness rate of the upper limit of normal blood pressure was 7. 3%. 36. 2% of the participants did exercises, and 50. 9% of them had correct judgement to the question of ＂whenever having fever, you should take some antipiretics＂ . The influencing factors of health literacy of floating population were culture level, vocation, gender and the time period of working outside. Conclusion The health literacy level of floating population in Jinan was low, the knowledge awareness was imbalanced, and the floating population taking periodic physical examination were few. Special health education should be strengthened to improve their ability of disease preventing.