Prognostic significance of triple negative breast cancer at tumor size 1 cm and smaller |
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Authors: | HW Lai SJ Kuo LS ChenCW Chi ST Chen TW Chang DR Chen |
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Institution: | a Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwanb Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwanc Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwand School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwane School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwanf Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan |
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Abstract: | AimsThe purpose of this study was to clarify the prognostic significance of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with a tumor size ≤ 1 cm.Materials and methodsPatients with primary operable breast cancer with a tumor size ≤ 1 cm were enrolled at Changhua Christian Hospital and National Cheng-Kung University Hospital. Tumors negative for ER, PR, and HER-2 were classified as TNBCs and compared with tumors with any receptor positivity (non-TNBC) for disease-free survival (DFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS).ResultsFrom 1995 to 2006, a total of 377 patients with tumor size ≤ 1 cm were enrolled. Compared with non-TNBC patients, TNBC patients with a tumor size ≤ 1 cm as a whole or in a lymph node-positive subgroup were not associated with a poorer 5-year DFS and CSS. In lymph node-negative patients (pT1a-bN0M0), TNBC was associated with a poorer 5-year CSS but not DFS. Compared with the hormone receptor-positive, HER-2-negative subgroup, TNBC was associated with poorer DFS and CSS. In the multivariate Cox regression hazard analysis, lymph node invasion was the most important cause of disease recurrence and cancer-specific death.ConclusionTNBC is very likely an independent risk factor in small (≤1 cm) node-negative invasive breast cancer. With tumors 1 cm and smaller, lymph node invasion was the single most important prognostic factor. |
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Keywords: | Triple-negative breast cancer Tumor size HER-2 Estrogen receptor Progesterone receptor |
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